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MaxScale1.4.5中间件读写分离示例

2023年 7月 15日 37.7k 0

当我们配置好主从后，我们要实现读写分离，把读操作分散到从服务器中，并且对多个从服务器能实现负载均衡如果不考虑sharding的话，maxscale算是一个比较好的中间件，方案的话无非就是两个驱动层做jdbc和php都有lb要么就是中间件maxscale或者atlas都可以，性能上 maxscale要好的多，以下是部署的示例

10.10.240.114   slave
10.10.240.113   Master
10.10.240.117   MaxScale

快速部署mariadb(需要安装docker):curl -LKs https://raw.githubusercontent.com/LinuxEA-Mark/docker-mariaDB/master/docker-mysql-create.sh|bash

主从：

master配置:

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to 'mybk'@'10.10.240.114' identified by 'password';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [(none)]> select version();
+-----------------+
| version()       |
+-----------------+
| 10.1.19-MariaDB |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-bin.000001 |      620 |              |                  |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

在主从分别允许两台机器能互通

iptables -I INPUT 4 -s 10.10.240.114 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT 4 -s 10.10.240.113 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

在主从都需要放行117

iptables -I INPUT 4 -s 10.10.240.117 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

slave配置:

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='10.10.240.113',master_user='mybk',master_password='password',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=924;
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;                                                                    
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 10.10.240.113
                  Master_User: mybk
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1231
               Relay_Log_File: DS-VM-Node114-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 538
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT VERSION();                                                                           
+-----------------+
| VERSION()       |
+-----------------+
| 10.1.19-MariaDB |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE HOSTS;
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
|        20 |      | 3306 |         1 |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]>

MaxScale配置：

wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MaxScale/1.4.5/centos/7Server/x86_64/maxscale-1.4.5-1.centos.7.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y maxscale-1.4.5-1.centos.7.x86_64.rpm

在主库上执行：

GRANT SELECT  ON *.* TO 'mybk'@'10.10.240.117' identified by 'password';  
GRANT SHOW DATABASES ON *.* TO mybk@'10.10.240.117';
grant REPLICATION SLAVE on *.* to mybk@'10.10.240.117';
grant REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* to mybk@'10.10.240.117';

创建目录

groupadd maxscale
useradd -g maxscale maxscale
mkdir -p /mydata/maxscale/{data,cache,logs,tmp,pid}
mkdir -p /mydata/maxscale/logs/{binlog,trace}
chown -R maxscale:maxscale /mydata/maxscale
/usr/local/maxscale/usr/bin/maxkeys /mydata/maxscale/data/
/usr/local/maxscale/bin/maxpasswd /mydata/maxscale/data/.secrets password
D53C7669B34FF2AE96DB6E21C98A6A54

MaxScale配置文件：

[maxscale]
threads=auto
ms_timestamp=1
syslog=1
maxlog=1
log_to_shm=0
log_warning=1
log_notice=1
log_info=1
log_debug=0
log_augmentation=1
#相关目录设置
logdir=/mydata/maxscale/logs/trace/
datadir=/mydata/maxscale/data/
libdir=/usr/lib64/maxscale/
cachedir=/mydata/maxscale/cache/
piddir=/mydata/maxscale/pid/
execdir=/usr/bin/

[server1]
type=server
address=10.10.240.113
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend
serv_weight=3  #读权重，值越大分配的查询就越多 
[server2]
type=server
address=10.10.240.114
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend
serv_weight=1    #读权重，值越大分配的查询就越多 

[MySQL Monitor]
type=monitor
module=mysqlmon
servers=server1,server2
user=mybk
passwd=D53C7669B34FF2AE96DB6E21C98A6A54
# 监控心态为 10s
monitor_interval=10000
# 当复制slave全部断掉时，maxscale仍然可用，将所有的访问指向master节点
detect_stale_master=true
# 监控主从复制延迟，可用后续指定router service的(配置此参数请求会永远落在 master)
# detect_replication_lag=true

#[Read-Only Service]
#type=service
#router=readconnroute
#servers=server1,server2
#user=mybk
#passwd=D53C7669B34FF2AE96DB6E21C98A6A54
#router_options=slave
#enable_root_user=1
#weightby=serv_weight

[Read-Write Service]
type=service
router=readwritesplit
servers=server1,server2
user=mybk
passwd=D53C7669B34FF2AE96DB6E21C98A6A54
max_slave_connections=100%
# sql语句中的存在变量只指向master中执行
use_sql_variables_in=master
# 允许root用户登录执行
enable_root_user=1
# 允许主从最大间隔(s)
max_slave_replication_lag=3600

#maxscale管理节点信息
[MaxAdmin Service]
type=service
router=cli
#各个请求的端口信息
#[Read-Only Listener]
#type=listener
#service=Read-Only Service
#protocol=MySQLClient
#port=4008
[Read-Write Listener]
type=listener
service=Read-Write Service
protocol=MySQLClient
port=4006
[MaxAdmin Listener]
type=listener
service=MaxAdmin Service
protocol=maxscaled
#socket=/mydata/maxscale/tmp/maxadmin.sock
port=6603

start:

[root@DS-VM-LinuxEA /mydata/maxscale/logs/trace]# maxscale -f /etc/maxscale.cn
[root@DS-VM-LinuxEA /mydata/maxscale/logs/trace]# maxadmin --user=admin --password=mariadb --host=10.10.240.117
MaxScale> list servers
Servers.
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
Server             | Address         | Port  | Connections | Status              
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
server1            | 10.10.240.113   |  3306 |           0 | Master, Running
server2            | 10.10.240.114   |  3306 |           0 | Slave, Running
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
MaxScale> list services
Services.
--------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------
Service Name              | Router Module        | #Users | Total Sessions
--------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------
Read-Only Service         | readconnroute        |      1 |     1
Read-Write Service        | readwritesplit       |      1 |     1
MaxAdmin Service          | cli                  |      2 |     4
--------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------

MaxScale>

测试登陆：

mysql -umybk -ppassword -h10.10.240.117 -P4006
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14685
Server version: 10.0.0 1.4.5-maxscale MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> show grants for 'mybk'@'10.10.240.117';
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for mybk@10.10.240.117                                                                                                                                           |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT SELECT, SHOW DATABASES, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'mybk'@'10.10.240.117' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*2470C0C06DEE42FD1618BB99005ADCA2EC9D1E19' |
| GRANT SELECT ON `mysql`.`db` TO 'mybk'@'10.10.240.117'                                                                                                                  |
| GRANT SELECT ON `mysql`.`user` TO 'mybk'@'10.10.240.117'                                                                                                                |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

读写测试：

主库授权linuxea账户：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.*  TO 'linuxea'@'10.10.240.117' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

maxscale登陆：

mysql -ulinuxea -ppassword -h10.10.240.117 -P4006

查询01.png02.png03.png04.png

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