DD命令:
较为底层的复制工具
dd命令:
dd if= of= bs= count=
if: 源文件,用于指定数据流来源
of: 目标文件,用于指定数据流存储目标
bs: block size,一次io的数据量
count: 复制多少个bs指定的block
实例:
1,复制
[root@localhost /]# dd if=/etc/fstab of=/tmp/fstab.new
1+1 records in
1+1 records out
805 bytes (805 B) copied, 0.000216881 s, 3.7 MB/s
[root@localhost /]#
2,bs=8一次复制八个字节,count=2 复制2次
[root@localhost /]# dd if=/etc/fstab of=/tmp/fstab.awk bs=8 count=2
2+0 records in
2+0 records out
16 bytes (16 B) copied, 0.000834677 s, 19.2 kB/s
[root@localhost /]#
特殊功能
两个设备文件:
/dev/null: bit bucket
/dev/zero:泡泡机,吐零设备
应用1:创建本地回环设备文件:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/PATH/TO/SOMEFILE bs= count=
例;从/dev/zero吐出10兆的大小的空间,为swap空间
[root@localhost /]#dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/myfile.1 bs=1M count=10
10+0 records in
10+0 records out
10485760 bytes (10 MB) copied, 0.0407088 s, 258 MB/s
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]#mkswap /tmp/myfile.1
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 10236 KiB
no label, UUID=c6a5c2b5-03c1-4929-9258-18ca4eb16d17
[root@localhost /]# swapon /tmp/myfile.1
[root@localhost /]# free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1012292 338592 673700 1396 24940 124860
-/+ buffers/cache: 188792 823500
Swap: 10236 0 10236
[root@localhost /]# swapoff /tmp/myfile.1
[root@localhost /]#free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1012292 338460 673832 1396 24980 124876
-/+ buffers/cache: 188604 823688
Swap: 0 0 0
[root@localhost /]#
应用2:备份MBR
[root@localhost /]#dd if=/dev/sda of=/tmp/mbr.backup bs=512 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
512 bytes (512 B) copied, 0.000527532 s, 971 kB/s
[root@localhost /]#
应用3:破坏其/dev/sdba MBR
删除sdaMBR:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1
恢复sdaMBR:
[root@localhost /]#dd if=/tmp/mbr.backup of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1