Prometheus 是一个开源监控系统,具有多维数据模型、灵活的查询语言、高效的时序数据库,和现代警报方法。
在 Debian 11 Bullseye 上安装 Prometheus
步骤 1. 在我们安装任何软件之前,通过apt
在终端中运行以下命令来确保您的系统是最新的很重要:
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade
步骤 2. 创建 Prometheus 用户。
我们将创建一个专用的 Prometheus 系统用户和组:
sudo groupadd --system prometheus sudo useradd -s /sbin/nologin --system -g prometheus prometheus
步骤 3. 在 Debian 11 上安装 Prometheus。
现在我们从官方页面下载 Prometheus 软件包安装程序:
mkdir -p /tmp/prometheus && cd /tmp/prometheus curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/prometheus/prometheus/releases/latest|grep browser_download_url|grep linux-amd64|cut -d '"' -f 4|wget -qi -
然后,提取 Prometheus 包文件:
tar xvf prometheus*.tar.gz
文件提取后,我们将文件移动到正确的目录:
sudo mv prometheus.yml /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml sudo mv consoles/ console_libraries/ /etc/prometheus/
步骤 4. 配置 Prometheus。
默认情况下,Prometheus 配置文件将位于. 默认配置文件如下所示:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
cat /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
输出:
# my global config global: scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute. evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute. # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).# Alertmanager configuration alerting: alertmanagers: - static_configs: - targets: # - alertmanager:9093# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'. rule_files: # - "first_rules.yml" # - "second_rules.yml"# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape: # Here it's Prometheus itself. scrape_configs: # The job name is added as a label `job=` to any timeseries scraped from this config. - job_name: "prometheus" # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http'. static_configs: - targets: ["localhost:9090"]
步骤 5. 创建 Prometheus Systemd 服务
现在我们使用以下命令创建一个 Prometheussystemd
服务文件:
nano /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service
添加以下文件:
[Unit] Description=Prometheus Documentation=https://prometheus.io/docs/introduction/overview/ Wants=network-online.target After=network-online.target [Service] Type=simple User=prometheus Group=prometheus ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/prometheus --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/var/lib/prometheus --web.console.templates=/etc/prometheus/consoles --web.console.libraries=/etc/prometheus/console_libraries --web.listen-address=0.0.0.0:9090 --web.external-url= SyslogIdentifier=prometheus Restart=always [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
保存并关闭文件,然后我们将更改其权限:
for i in rules rules.d files_sd; do sudo chown -R prometheus:prometheus /etc/prometheus/${i}; done for i in rules rules.d files_sd; do sudo chmod -R 775 /etc/prometheus/${i}; done sudo chown -R prometheus:prometheus /var/lib/prometheus/
接下来,重新加载systemd
守护进程并启动服务:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl start prometheus sudo systemctl enable prometheus
步骤 6. 访问 Prometheus Web 界面。
成功安装后,打开您喜欢的浏览器并导航至或并完成所需的步骤以完成安装。http://your-domain.com:9090
http://your-ip-address:9090
感谢您使用本教程在 Debian 11 Bullseye 上安装最新版本的 Prometheus。如需其他帮助或有用信息,我们建议您查看Prometheus 官方网站。