在C语言中插入Oracle数据是一项必要的技能，不仅可以给我们带来工作或学习上的便捷，而且更是提高自身编程能力的一种方式。那么，本文主要来讲一下如何在C语言中插入Oracle数据，帮助大家更好地进行编程或工作。
我们假设我们有一个学生信息表，包含学号、姓名、性别、年龄、所在班级等基本信息。现在，我们需要将一位新的学生的信息插入到这个表中。那么，以下是一个简单的示例，演示如何完成这个任务。
#include#include#include#includeint main()
{
OCIEnv *envhp;
OCIError *errhp;
OCIServer *srvhp;
OCISvcCtx *svchp;
OCISession *authp;
sword status;
OCIStmt *stmthp;
text *stmt = (text *)"INSERT INTO student (student_no, student_name, student_gender, student_age, class_name) VALUES (:1, :2, :3, :4, :5)";
ub4 p_student_no;
char *p_student_name;
char p_student_gender;
int p_student_age;
char *p_class_name;
const ub4 MAX_FIELD_WIDTH = 512;
p_student_no = 1001;
p_student_name = "张三";
p_student_gender = '男';
p_student_age = 20;
p_class_name = "计算机科学与技术1班";
text student_no[MAX_FIELD_WIDTH];
text student_name[MAX_FIELD_WIDTH];
text student_gender[MAX_FIELD_WIDTH];
text student_age[MAX_FIELD_WIDTH];
text class_name[MAX_FIELD_WIDTH];
OCIInitialize(OCI_THREADED, (dvoid *)0, (dvoid *(*)(size_t))malloc, (dvoid* (*)(void *))realloc,(void (*)(void *))free );
OCIEnvInit((OCIEnv **)&envhp, OCI_DEFAULT, (size_t)0,(dvoid **)0);
OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR,(size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);
OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER,(size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);
OCIServerAttach(srvhp, errhp, (text *)"mydb", strlen((char*)"mydb"), OCI_DEFAULT);
OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);
status=OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)svchp, (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (dvoid *)srvhp,(ub4)0, OCI_ATTR_SERVER, (OCIError *)errhp);
OCISessionBegin(svchp, errhp, &authp, OCI_CRED_RDBMS, OCI_DEFAULT);
OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);
status = OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, (text *)stmt, (ub4)strlen((char *)stmt), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT);
status=OCIStmtBindByPos(stmthp, &p_student_no, sizeof(&p_student_no), (dvoid *)&student_no[0], MAX_FIELD_WIDTH, SQLT_INT, (dvoid *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub4)0, (ub4 *)0, OCI_DEFAULT);
status=OCIStmtBindByPos(stmthp, &p_student_name, strlen(p_student_name), (dvoid *)&student_name[0], MAX_FIELD_WIDTH, SQLT_STR, (dvoid *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub4)0, (ub4 *)0, OCI_DEFAULT);
status=OCIStmtBindByPos(stmthp, &p_student_gender, sizeof(&p_student_gender), (dvoid *)&student_gender[0], MAX_FIELD_WIDTH, SQLT_CHR, (dvoid *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub4)0, (ub4 *)0, OCI_DEFAULT);
status=OCIStmtBindByPos(stmthp, &p_student_age, sizeof(&p_student_age), (dvoid *)&student_age[0], MAX_FIELD_WIDTH, SQLT_INT, (dvoid *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub4)0, (ub4 *)0, OCI_DEFAULT);
status=OCIStmtBindByPos(stmthp, &p_class_name, strlen(p_class_name), (dvoid *)&class_name[0], MAX_FIELD_WIDTH, SQLT_STR, (dvoid *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub2 *)0, (ub4)0, (ub4 *)0, OCI_DEFAULT);
OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (CONST OCISnapshot *)NULL, (OCISnapshot *)NULL, OCI_DEFAULT);
OCISessionEnd(svchp, errhp, authp, OCI_DEFAULT);
OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);
OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX);
OCIServerDetach(srvhp, errhp, OCI_DEFAULT);
OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER);
OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)envhp, OCI_HTYPE_ENV);
return 0;
}
上述代码首先使用OCIEnvInit函数初始化了OCIEnv，接下来通过OCIAttrSet函数设置svchp句柄，使其与OCIServer关联。之后，通过OCIStmtPrepare函数准备并编译了SQL语句。接下来，使用OCIStmtBindByPos函数通过位置绑定变量，并在该函数中使用了text类型表示变量的类型，使用SQLT_INT、SQLT_STR和SQLT_CHR等常量表示变量的类型。最后通过OCIStmtExecute函数执行SQL语句即可完成数据插入。
当然，以上只是一个简单的示例，对实际开发、具体的表结构、数据类型等都有很大的影响。这里仅提供一个思路，供大家参考。
总的来说，插入Oracle数据需要使用C语言结合OCI接口编写相关代码，虽然过程较为繁琐，但仍能提高我们的编程能力和解决工作中遇到的问题。
