概述
前面我们已经分析了spring对于xml配置文件的解析,将分析的信息组装成 BeanDefinition,并将其保存注册到相应的 BeanDefinitionRegistry 中。至此,Spring IOC 的初始化工作完成。接下来我们将对bean的加载进行探索。
BeanFactory
当我们显示或者隐式地调用 getBean()
时,则会触发加载 bean 阶段。如下:
public class AppTest {
@Test
public void MyTestBeanTest() {
BeanFactory bf = new XmlBeanFactory( new ClassPathResource("spring-config.xml"));
MyTestBean myTestBean = (MyTestBean) bf.getBean("myTestBean");
}
}
我们看到这个方法是在接口BeanFactory中定义的,我们看下BeanFactory体系结构,如下图所示:
从上图我们看到:
(1)BeanFactory作为一个主接口不继承任何接口,暂且称为一级接口。
(2)有3个子接口继承了它,进行功能上的增强。这3个子接口称为二级接口。
(3)ConfigurableBeanFactory可以被称为三级接口,对二级接口HierarchicalBeanFactory进行了再次增强,它还继承了另一个外来的接口SingletonBeanRegistry
(4)ConfigurableListableBeanFactory是一个更强大的接口,继承了上述的所有接口,无所不包,称为四级接口。(这4级接口是BeanFactory的基本接口体系。
(5)AbstractBeanFactory作为一个抽象类,实现了三级接口ConfigurableBeanFactory大部分功能。
(6)AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory同样是抽象类,继承自AbstractBeanFactory,并额外实现了二级接口AutowireCapableBeanFactory
(7)DefaultListableBeanFactory继承自AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory,实现了最强大的四级接口ConfigurableListableBeanFactory,并实现了一个外来接口BeanDefinitionRegistry,它并非抽象类。
(8)最后是最强大的XmlBeanFactory,继承自DefaultListableBeanFactory,重写了一些功能,使自己更强大。
定义
BeanFactory,以Factory结尾,表示它是一个工厂类(接口), 它负责生产和管理bean的一个工厂。在Spring中,BeanFactory是IOC容器的核心接口,它的职责包括:实例化、定位、配置应用程序中的对象及建立这些对象间的依赖。BeanFactory只是个接口,并不是IOC容器的具体实现,但是Spring容器给出了很多种实现,如 DefaultListableBeanFactory、XmlBeanFactory、ApplicationContext等,其中XmlBeanFactory就是常用的一个,该实现将以XML方式描述组成应用的对象及对象间的依赖关系。XmlBeanFactory类将持有此XML配置元数据,并用它来构建一个完全可配置的系统或应用。
BeanFactory是Spring IOC容器的鼻祖,是IOC容器的基础接口,所有的容器都是从它这里继承实现而来。可见其地位。BeanFactory提供了最基本的IOC容器的功能,即所有的容器至少需要实现的标准。
XmlBeanFactory,只是提供了最基本的IOC容器的功能。而且XMLBeanFactory,继承自DefaultListableBeanFactory。DefaultListableBeanFactory实际包含了基本IOC容器所具有的所有重要功能,是一个完整的IOC容器。
ApplicationContext包含BeanFactory的所有功能,通常建议比BeanFactory优先。
BeanFactory体系结构是典型的工厂方法模式,即什么样的工厂生产什么样的产品。BeanFactory是最基本的抽象工厂,而其他的IOC容器只不过是具体的工厂,对应着各自的Bean定义方法。但同时,其他容器也针对具体场景不同,进行了扩充,提供具体的服务。 如下:
Resource resource = new FileSystemResource("beans.xml");
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("beans.xml");
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"applicationContext.xml"});
BeanFactory factory = (BeanFactory) context;
基本就是这些了,接着使用getBean(String beanName)方法就可以取得bean的实例;BeanFactory提供的方法及其简单,仅提供了六种方法供客户调用:
- boolean containsBean(String beanName) 判断工厂中是否包含给定名称的bean定义,若有则返回true
- Object getBean(String) 返回给定名称注册的bean实例。根据bean的配置情况,如果是singleton模式将返回一个共享实例,否则将返回一个新建的实例,如果没有找到指定bean,该方法可能会抛出异常
- Object getBean(String, Class) 返回以给定名称注册的bean实例,并转换为给定class类型
- Class getType(String name) 返回给定名称的bean的Class,如果没有找到指定的bean实例,则排除NoSuchBeanDefinitionException异常
- boolean isSingleton(String) 判断给定名称的bean定义是否为单例模式
- String[] getAliases(String name) 返回给定bean名称的所有别名
package org.springframework.beans.factory;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
public interface BeanFactory {
String FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX = "&";
Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException;
T getBean(String name, Class requiredType) throws BeansException;
T getBean(Class requiredType) throws BeansException;
Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException;
boolean containsBean(String name);
boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
boolean isPrototype(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
boolean isTypeMatch(String name, Class targetType) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
Class getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
String[] getAliases(String name);
}
FactoryBean
一般情况下,Spring通过反射机制利用
的class属性指定实现类实例化Bean,在某些情况下,实例化Bean过程比较复杂,如果按照传统的方式,则需要在中提供大量的配置信息。配置方式的灵活性是受限的,这时采用编码的方式可能会得到一个简单的方案。Spring为此提供了一个org.springframework.bean.factory.FactoryBean的工厂类接口,用户可以通过实现该接口定制实例化Bean的逻辑。FactoryBean接口对于Spring框架来说占用重要的地位,Spring自身就提供了70多个FactoryBean的实现。它们隐藏了实例化一些复杂Bean的细节,给上层应用带来了便利。从Spring3.0开始,FactoryBean开始支持泛型,即接口声明改为
FactoryBean
的形式。
以Bean结尾,表示它是一个Bean,不同于普通Bean的是:它是实现了FactoryBean接口的Bean,根据该Bean的ID从BeanFactory中获取的实际上是FactoryBean的getObject()返回的对象,而不是FactoryBean本身,如果要获取FactoryBean对象,请在id前面加一个&符号来获取。
package org.springframework.beans.factory;
public interface FactoryBean {
T getObject() throws Exception;
Class getObjectType();
boolean isSingleton();
}
在该接口中还定义了以下3个方法:
- T getObject():返回由FactoryBean创建的Bean实例,如果isSingleton()返回true,则该实例会放到Spring容器中单实例缓存池中;
- boolean isSingleton():返回由FactoryBean创建的Bean实例的作用域是singleton还是prototype;
- Class getObjectType():返回FactoryBean创建的Bean类型。
当配置文件中的class属性配置的实现类是FactoryBean时,通过getBean()方法返回的不是FactoryBean本身,而是FactoryBean#getObject()方法所返回的对象,相当于FactoryBean#getObject()代理了getBean()方法。
例:如果使用传统方式配置下面Car的时,Car的每个属性分别对应一个
元素标签。
public class Car {
private int maxSpeed ;
private String brand ;
private double price ;
//get//set 方法
}
如果用FactoryBean的方式实现就灵活点,下例通过逗号分割符的方式一次性的为Car的所有属性指定配置值:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;
public class CarFactoryBean implements FactoryBean {
private String carInfo ;
public Car getObject() throws Exception {
Car car = new Car();
String[] infos = carInfo.split(",");
car.setBrand(infos[0]);
car.setMaxSpeed(Integer.valueOf(infos[1]));
car.setPrice(Double.valueOf(infos[2]));
return car;
}
public Class getObjectType(){
return Car.class ;
}
public boolean isSingleton(){
return false ;
}
public String getCarInfo(){
return this.carInfo;
}
//接受逗号分割符设置属性信息
public void setCarInfo (String carInfo){
this.carInfo = carInfo;
}
}
有了这个CarFactoryBean后,就可以在配置文件中使用下面这种自定义的配置方式配置CarBean了:
当调用getBean("car")时,Spring通过反射机制发现CarFactoryBean实现了FactoryBean的接口,这时Spring容器就调用接口方法CarFactoryBean#getObject()方法返回。如果希望获取CarFactoryBean的实例,则需要在使用getBean(beanName)方法时在beanName前显示的加上"&"前缀:如getBean("&car");
获取bean
接下来我们回到加载bean的阶段,当我们显示或者隐式地调用 getBean()
时,则会触发加载 bean 阶段。如下:
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
内部调用 doGetBean()
方法,这个方法的代码比较长,各位耐心看下:
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
protected T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class requiredType,
@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
//获取 beanName,这里是一个转换动作,将 name 转换为 beanName
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object bean;
/*
*检查缓存中的实例工程是否存在对应的实例
*为何要优先使用这段代码呢?
*因为在创建单例bean的时候会存在依赖注入的情况,而在创建依赖的时候为了避免循环依赖
*spring创建bean的原则是在不等bean创建完就会将创建bean的objectFactory提前曝光,即将其加入到缓存中,一旦下个bean创建时依赖上个bean则直接使用objectFactory
*直接从缓存中或singletonFactories中获取objectFactory
*就算没有循环依赖,只是单纯的依赖注入,如B依赖A,如果A已经初始化完成,B进行初始化时,需要递归调用getBean获取A,这是A已经在缓存里了,直接可以从这里取到
*/
// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
}
else {
logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
//返回对应的实例,有些时候并不是直接返回实例,而是返回某些方法返回的实例
//这里涉及到我们上面讲的FactoryBean,如果此Bean是FactoryBean的实现类,如果name前缀为"&",则直接返回此实现类的bean,如果没有前缀"&",则需要调用此实现类的getObject方法,返回getObject里面真是的返回对象
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
else {
//只有在单例的情况下才会解决循环依赖
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
//尝试从parentBeanFactory中查找bean
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// Not found -> check parent.
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
}
else if (args != null) {
// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
}
//如果不是仅仅做类型检查,则这里需要创建bean,并做记录
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
try {
//将存储XML配置文件的GenericBeanDefinition转换为RootBeanDefinition,同时如果存在父bean的话则合并父bean的相关属性
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
//如果存在依赖则需要递归实例化依赖的bean
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dep : dependsOn) {
if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
}
registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
try {
getBean(dep);
}
catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
}
}
}
// 单例模式
// 实例化依赖的bean后对bean本身进行实例化
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// 原型模式
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// 从指定的 scope 下创建 bean
else {
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
ex);
}
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
// Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
try {
T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
if (convertedBean == null) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
return convertedBean;
}
catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
}
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
}
return (T) bean;
}
代码是相当长,处理逻辑也是相当复杂,下面将其进行拆分讲解。
获取 beanName
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
这里传递的是 name,不一定就是 beanName,可能是 aliasName,也有可能是 FactoryBean(带“&”前缀),所以这里需要调用 transformedBeanName()
方法对 name 进行一番转换,主要如下:
protected String transformedBeanName(String name) {
return canonicalName(BeanFactoryUtils.transformedBeanName(name));
}
// 去除 FactoryBean 的修饰符
public static String transformedBeanName(String name) {
Assert.notNull(name, "'name' must not be null");
String beanName = name;
while (beanName.startsWith(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX)) {
beanName = beanName.substring(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX.length());
}
return beanName;
}
// 转换 aliasName
public String canonicalName(String name) {
String canonicalName = name;
// Handle aliasing...
String resolvedName;
do {
resolvedName = this.aliasMap.get(canonicalName);
if (resolvedName != null) {
canonicalName = resolvedName;
}
}
while (resolvedName != null);
return canonicalName;
}
主要处理过程包括两步:
name = "&studentService"
,则会是 name = "studentService"
。缓存中获取单例bean
单例在Spring的同一个容器内只会被创建一次,后续再获取bean直接从单例缓存中获取,当然这里也只是尝试加载,首先尝试从缓存中加载,然后再次尝试从singletonFactorry加载因为在创建单例bean的时候会存在依赖注入的情况,而在创建依赖的时候为了避免循环依赖,Spring创建bean的原则不等bean创建完成就会创建bean的ObjectFactory提早曝光加入到缓存中,一旦下一个bean创建时需要依赖上个bean,则直接使用ObjectFactory;就算没有循环依赖,只是单纯的依赖注入,如B依赖A,如果A已经初始化完成,B进行初始化时,需要递归调用getBean获取A,这是A已经在缓存里了,直接可以从这里取到。接下来我们看下获取单例bean的方法getSingleton(beanName),进入方法体:
@Override
@Nullable
public Object getSingleton(String beanName) {
//参数true是允许早期依赖
return getSingleton(beanName, true);
}
@Nullable
protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
//检查缓存中是否存在实例,这里就是上面说的单纯的依赖注入,如B依赖A,如果A已经初始化完成,B进行初始化时,需要递归调用getBean获取A,这是A已经在缓存里了,直接可以从这里取到
Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
//如果缓存为空且单例bean正在创建中,则锁定全局变量,为什么要判断bean在创建中呢?这里就是可以判断是否循环依赖了。
//A依赖B,B也依赖A,A实例化的时候,发现依赖B,则递归去实例化B,B发现依赖A,则递归实例化A,此时会走到原点A的实例化,第一次A的实例化还没完成,只不过把实例化的对象加入到缓存中,但是状态还是正在创建中,由此回到原点发现A正在创建中,由此可以判断是循环依赖了
if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
//如果此bean正在加载,则不处理
singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
//当某些方法需要提前初始化的时候会直接调用addSingletonFactory把对应的ObjectFactory初始化策略存储在singletonFactory中
ObjectFactory singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
if (singletonFactory != null) {
//使用预先设定的getObject方法
singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
记录在缓存中,注意earlySingletonObjects和singletonFactories是互斥的
this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
}
}
}
}
return singletonObject;
}
接下来我们根据源码再来梳理下这个方法,这样更易于理解,这个方法先尝试从singletonObjects里面获取实例,如果如果获取不到再从earlySingletonObjects里面获取,如果还获取不到,再尝试从singletonFactories里面获取beanName对应的ObjectFactory,然后再调用这个ObjectFactory的getObject方法创建bean,并放到earlySingletonObjects里面去,并且从singletonFactoryes里面remove调这个ObjectFactory,而对于后续所有的内存操作都只为了循环依赖检测时候使用,即allowEarlyReference为true的时候才会使用。
这里涉及到很多个存储bean的不同map,简单解释下:
1.singletonObjects:用于保存BeanName和创建bean实例之间的关系,beanName–>bean Instance
2.singletonFactories:用于保存BeanName和创建bean的工厂之间的关系,banName–>ObjectFactory
3.earlySingletonObjects:也是保存BeanName和创建bean实例之间的关系,与singletonObjects的不同之处在于,当一个单例bean被放到这里面后,那么当bean还在创建过程中,就可以通过getBean方法获取到了,其目的是用来检测循环引用。
4.registeredSingletons:用来保存当前所有已注册的bean.
从bean的实例中获取对象
获取到bean以后就要获取实例对象了,这里用到的是getObjectForBeanInstance方法。getObjectForBeanInstance是个频繁使用的方法,无论是从缓存中获得bean还是根据不同的scope策略加载bean.总之,我们得到bean的实例后,要做的第一步就是调用这个方法来检测一下正确性,其实就是检测获得Bean是不是FactoryBean类型的bean,如果是,那么需要调用该bean对应的FactoryBean实例中的getObject()作为返回值。接下来我们看下此方法的源码:
protected Object getObjectForBeanInstance(
Object beanInstance, String name, String beanName, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
//如果指定的name是工厂相关的(以&开头的)
if (BeanFactoryUtils.isFactoryDereference(name)) {
//如果是NullBean则直接返回此bean
if (beanInstance instanceof NullBean) {
return beanInstance;
}
//如果不是FactoryBean类型,则验证不通过抛出异常
if (!(beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean)) {
throw new BeanIsNotAFactoryException(transformedBeanName(name), beanInstance.getClass());
}
}
// Now we have the bean instance, which may be a normal bean or a FactoryBean.
// If it's a FactoryBean, we use it to create a bean instance, unless the
// caller actually wants a reference to the factory.
//如果获取的beanInstance不是FactoryBean类型,则说明是普通的Bean,可直接返回
//如果获取的beanInstance是FactoryBean类型,但是是以(以&开头的),也直接返回,此时返回的是FactoryBean的实例
if (!(beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean) || BeanFactoryUtils.isFactoryDereference(name)) {
return beanInstance;
}
Object object = null;
if (mbd == null) {
object = getCachedObjectForFactoryBean(beanName);
}
if (object == null) {
// Return bean instance from factory.
FactoryBean factory = (FactoryBean) beanInstance;
// Caches object obtained from FactoryBean if it is a singleton.
if (mbd == null && containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
}
boolean synthetic = (mbd != null && mbd.isSynthetic());
//到了这里说明获取的beanInstance是FactoryBean类型,但没有以"&"开头,此时就要返回factory内部getObject里面的对象了
object = getObjectFromFactoryBean(factory, beanName, !synthetic);
}
return object;
}
接着我们来看看真正的核心功能getObjectFromFactoryBean(factory, beanName, !synthetic)方法中实现的,继续跟进代码:
protected Object getObjectFromFactoryBean(FactoryBean factory, String beanName, boolean shouldPostProcess) {
// 为单例模式且缓存中存在
if (factory.isSingleton() && containsSingleton(beanName)) {
synchronized (getSingletonMutex()) {
// 从缓存中获取指定的 factoryBean
Object object = this.factoryBeanObjectCache.get(beanName);
if (object == null) {
// 为空,则从 FactoryBean 中获取对象
object = doGetObjectFromFactoryBean(factory, beanName);
// 从缓存中获取
Object alreadyThere = this.factoryBeanObjectCache.get(beanName);
if (alreadyThere != null) {
object = alreadyThere;
}
else {
// 需要后续处理
if (shouldPostProcess) {
// 若该 bean 处于创建中,则返回非处理对象,而不是存储它
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
return object;
}
// 前置处理
beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
try {
// 对从 FactoryBean 获取的对象进行后处理
// 生成的对象将暴露给bean引用
object = postProcessObjectFromFactoryBean(object, beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Post-processing of FactoryBean's singleton object failed", ex);
}
finally {
// 后置处理
afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
}
}
// 缓存
if (containsSingleton(beanName)) {
this.factoryBeanObjectCache.put(beanName, object);
}
}
}
return object;
}
}
else {
// 非单例
Object object = doGetObjectFromFactoryBean(factory, beanName);
if (shouldPostProcess) {
try {
object = postProcessObjectFromFactoryBean(object, beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Post-processing of FactoryBean's object failed", ex);
}
}
return object;
}
}
该方法应该就是创建 bean 实例对象中的核心方法之一了。这里我们关注三个方法:beforeSingletonCreation()
、 afterSingletonCreation()
、 postProcessObjectFromFactoryBean()
。可能有小伙伴觉得前面两个方法不是很重要,LZ 可以肯定告诉你,这两方法是非常重要的操作,因为他们记录着 bean 的加载状态,是检测当前 bean 是否处于创建中的关键之处,对解决 bean 循环依赖起着关键作用。before 方法用于标志当前 bean 处于创建中,after 则是移除。其实在这篇博客刚刚开始就已经提到了 isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation()
是用于检测当前 bean 是否处于创建之中,如下:
public boolean isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(String beanName) {
return this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.contains(beanName);
}
是根据 singletonsCurrentlyInCreation 集合中是否包含了 beanName,集合的元素则一定是在 beforeSingletonCreation()
中添加的,如下:
protected void beforeSingletonCreation(String beanName) {
if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.add(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
}
afterSingletonCreation()
为移除,则一定就是对 singletonsCurrentlyInCreation 集合 remove 了,如下:
protected void afterSingletonCreation(String beanName) {
if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.remove(beanName)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Singleton '" + beanName + "' isn't currently in creation");
}
}
我们再来看看真正的核心方法 doGetObjectFromFactoryBean
private Object doGetObjectFromFactoryBean(final FactoryBean factory, final String beanName)
throws BeanCreationException {
Object object;
try {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessControlContext acc = getAccessControlContext();
try {
object = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedExceptionAction) factory::getObject, acc);
}
catch (PrivilegedActionException pae) {
throw pae.getException();
}
}
else {
object = factory.getObject();
}
}
catch (FactoryBeanNotInitializedException ex) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName, ex.toString());
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "FactoryBean threw exception on object creation", ex);
}
// Do not accept a null value for a FactoryBean that's not fully
// initialized yet: Many FactoryBeans just return null then.
if (object == null) {
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(
beanName, "FactoryBean which is currently in creation returned null from getObject");
}
object = new NullBean();
}
return object;
}
以前我们曾经介绍过FactoryBean的调用方法,如果bean声明为FactoryBean类型,则当提取bean时候提取的不是FactoryBean,而是FactoryBean中对应的getObject方法返回的bean,而doGetObjectFromFactroyBean真是实现这个功能。
而调用完doGetObjectFromFactoryBean方法后,并没有直接返回,getObjectFromFactoryBean方法中还调用了object = postProcessObjectFromFactoryBean(object, beanName);方法,在子类AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory,有这个方法的实现:
@Override
protected Object postProcessObjectFromFactoryBean(Object object, String beanName) {
return applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(object, beanName);
}
@Override
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
Object result = existingBean;
for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
Object current = beanProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName);
if (current == null) {
return result;
}
result = current;
}
return result;
}
对于后处理器的使用,我们目前还没接触,后续会有大量篇幅介绍,这里我们只需要了解在Spring获取bean的规则中有这样一条:尽可能保证所有bean初始化后都会调用注册的BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization方法进行处理,在实际开发过程中大可以针对此特性设计自己的业务处理。