环境说明：
1）linux 8.3
2）数据库版本 19.3
3）db_name为jfdb,db_unique_name 分别为 pdbjfdb_p(主库),pdbjfdb_s(备库1),pdbjfdb_c(备库2)
4）主库地址 192.168.89.30，备库1地址 192.168.89.31,备库2地址 192.168.89.32
5）一个备库搭建和多个备库搭建方法一样，配置修改可参考下面链接对主备库修改。
下面主要介绍 tnsname.ora 和 pfile 参数文件 文件的修改（其他配置完成之后，配置重点就这两个文件）
1）主库修改参数文件
[oracle@jfdb01 dbs]$ pwd
/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.3/db_1/dbs
[oracle@jfdb01 dbs]$ cat initjfdb.ora
添加一下内容，注意log_archive_dest_3 用于指定备库2的参数，如果备库多个话，继续使用参数log_archive_dest_n指定备库
--修改主库参数
*.db_name='jfdb'
*.db_unique_name='pdbjfdb_p'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(pdbjfdb_p,pdbjfdb_s,pdbjfdb_c)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=pdbjfdb_p'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=pdbjfdb_s lgwr affirm sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=pdbjfdb_s'
*.log_archive_dest_3='service=pdbjfdb_c lgwr affirm sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=pdbjfdb_c'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
*.log_archive_dest_state_3=enable
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.fal_server='pdbjfdb_s,pdbjfdb_c'
*.FAL_CLIENT='pdbjfdb_p'
*.log_file_name_convert='/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb'
*.db_file_name_convert='/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb'
--注意这 2 个参数。这个 2 个参数，只在数据库为 standby_role 时才生效，但我们在主库还是配置这 2 个参数，
就是为了减少以后做 switchover 的时间。 注意 2 个目录的结构。 前面是发送数据的，后面的接收数据的。因为我所有的机器都是实例都是jfdb 所以不好区别。
--下面举例配置log_file_name_convert，db_file_name_convert
jfdb_p（主库） jfdb_s（备库1） jfdb_c（备库2）
'/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_p','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_p','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_c','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_p'
'/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_p','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_s','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_c','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_s'
'/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_p','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_c','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_s','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb_c'
--修改备库1 参数
*.db_name='jfdb'
*.db_unique_name='pdbjfdb_s'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(pdbjfdb_p,pdbjfdb_s,pdbjfdb_c)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=pdbjfdb_s'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=pdbjfdb_p lgwr affirm sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=pdbjfdb_p'
*.log_archive_dest_3='service=pdbjfdb_c lgwr affirm sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=pdbjfdb_c'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
*.log_archive_dest_state_3=enable
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.fal_server='pdbjfdb_p,pdbjfdb_c'
*.FAL_CLIENT='pdbjfdb_s'
*.log_file_name_convert='/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb'
*.db_file_name_convert='/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb'
--修改备库2 参数
*.db_name='jfdb'
*.db_unique_name='pdbjfdb_c'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(pdbjfdb_p,pdbjfdb_s,pdbjfdb_c)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=pdbjfdb_c'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=pdbjfdb_p lgwr affirm sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=pdbjfdb_p'
*.log_archive_dest_3='service=pdbjfdb_s lgwr affirm sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=pdbjfdb_s'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
*.log_archive_dest_state_3=enable
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.fal_server='pdbjfdb_p,pdbjfdb_s'
*.FAL_CLIENT='pdbjfdb_c'
*.log_file_name_convert='/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb'
*.db_file_name_convert='/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb','/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb'
2）分别在主备库配置tnsnames.ora ，添加以下内容并且配置完成后，使用tnsping 命令校验，切记要相互ping 通方可继续后面的操作
PDBjfdb_P =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.89.30)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = jfdb)
)
)
PDBjfdb_S =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.89.31)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = jfdb)
)
)
PDBjfdb_C =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.89.32)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = jfdb)
)
)
3）参考文档里介绍了，Active duplicate 这里是备库的用同样的方法复制主库数据
[oracle@jfdb01 ~]$ rman target sys/oracle@pdbjfdb_p auxiliary sys/oracle@pdbjfdb_c;
Recovery Manager: Release 19.3.- Production on Wed Aug 16 23:39:26 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: jfdb (DBID=205761832)
connected to auxiliary database: jfdb (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck dorecover;
Starting Duplicate Db at 15-AUG-17
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=36 device type=DISK
current log archived
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy reuse
targetfile '/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.3/db_1/dbs/orapwjfdb' auxiliary format
'/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.3/db_1/dbs/orapwjfdb' ;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting backup at 15-AUG-17
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=66 device type=DISK
Finished backup at 15-AUG-17
contents of Memory Script:
{
restore clone from service 'pdbjfdb_p' standby controlfile;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting restore at 15-AUG-17
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbjfdb_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:11
output file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/control01.ctl
output file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 15-AUG-17
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby database
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/temp01.dbf";
set newname for tempfile 2 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbseed/temp012016-08-04_01-59-39-412-AM.dbf";
set newname for tempfile 3 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/temp01.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 5 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbseed/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 6 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 7 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/users01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 8 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 9 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 10 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 11 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 12 to
"/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/users01.dbf";
restore
from nonsparse from service
'pdbjfdb_p' clone database
;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/temp01.dbf in control file
renamed tempfile 2 to /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbseed/temp012016-08-04_01-59-39-412-AM.dbf in control file
renamed tempfile 3 to /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/temp01.dbf in control file
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 15-AUG-17
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
skipping datafile 5; already restored to SCN 1441541
skipping datafile 6; already restored to SCN 1441541
skipping datafile 8; already restored to SCN 1441541
skipping datafile 9; already restored to SCN 3214897
skipping datafile 10; already restored to SCN 3214897
skipping datafile 11; already restored to SCN 3214897
skipping datafile 12; already restored to SCN 3214897
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbjfdb_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:46
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbjfdb_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbjfdb_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbjfdb_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 15-AUG-17
sql statement: alter system archive log current
current log archived
contents of Memory Script:
{
restore clone force from service 'pdbjfdb_p'
archivelog from scn 3324320;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting restore at 15-AUG-17
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbjfdb_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=73
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbjfdb_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=74
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 15-AUG-17
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/system01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbseed/system01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/users01.dbf
datafile 8 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 9 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/system01.dbf
datafile 10 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 11 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=13 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 12 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=14 STAMP=952213309 file name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/jfdb/pdbjfdb/users01.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 3333292;
recover
standby
clone database
delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 15-AUG-17
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 73 is already on disk as file /oracle/archive/1_73_951098251.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 74 is already on disk as file /oracle/archive/1_74_951098251.dbf
archived log file name=/oracle/archive/1_73_951098251.dbf thread=1 sequence=73
archived log file name=/oracle/archive/1_74_951098251.dbf thread=1 sequence=74
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished recover at 15-AUG-17
Finished Duplicate Db at 15-AUG-17
4）校验数据
--主库操作
[oracle@jfdb01 dbs]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 19.3.1.0 Production on Thu Aug 17 00:07:09 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> alter pluggable database pdbjfdb open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDBjfdb READ WRITE NO
--备库1 操作
[oracle@jfdb01 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 19.3.1.0 Production on Thu Aug 17 01:11:32 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected
SQL> alter pluggable database pdbjfdb open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY
--备库2操作
[oracle@jfdb01 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 19.3.1.0 Production on Thu Aug 17 01:11:32 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> alter pluggable database pdbjfdb open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY
--主库创建表并切换日志
SQL> alter session set container=pdbjfdb;
Session altered.
SQL> create table test as select * from dba_users;
Table created.
SQL> select count(*) from test;
COUNT(*)
----------
39
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
System altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
--备库1 数据同步
SQL> alter session set container=pdbjfdb;
Session altered.
SQL> select count(*) from test;
COUNT(*)
----------
39
--备库2，数据同步
SQL> alter session set container=pdbjfdb;
Session altered.
SQL> select count(*) from test;
COUNT(*)
----------
39
