响应式原理初始化
响应式数据设置代理
- 访问props的item对应的key时,使用this.[key]会自动代理到vm._props.[key]
- 访问data的item对应的key1时,使用this.[key1]会自动代理到vm._data.[key1]
function initProps(vm: Component, propsOptions: Object) {
for (const key in propsOptions) {
if (!(key in vm)) {
proxy(vm, `_props`, key)
}
}
}
function initData(vm: Component) {
let data = vm.$options.data
data = vm._data = typeof data === 'function'
? getData(data, vm)
: data || {};
const keys = Object.keys(data)
const props = vm.$options.props
const methods = vm.$options.methods
let i = keys.length
while (i--) {
const key = keys[i]
// 监测props是否已经有这个key了,有的话弹出警告
proxy(vm, `_data`, key)
}
}
export function proxy(target: Object, sourceKey: string, key: string) {
sharedPropertyDefinition.get = function proxyGetter() {
return this[sourceKey][key]
}
sharedPropertyDefinition.set = function proxySetter(val) {
this[sourceKey][key] = val
}
Object.defineProperty(target, key, sharedPropertyDefinition)
}
Vue.props响应式数据设置
在合并配置mergeOptions()中,会调用normalizeProps()对props的数据进行整理,最终确保initPros调用时props已经是一个对象,因此不需要Observer判断是否是数组,直接对key进行defineReactive即可
function initProps(vm: Component, propsOptions: Object) {
const propsData = vm.$options.propsData || {}
const props = vm._props = {}
const keys = vm.$options._propKeys = []
for (const key in propsOptions) {
keys.push(key)
const value = validateProp(key, propsOptions, propsData, vm)
defineReactive(props, key, value)
}
}
Vue.data响应式数据设置
- 为data建立一个Observer,主要功能是根据value类型判断,是数组则递归调用observe,为每一个item都创建一个Observer对象,如果是对象,则遍历key,为每一个key都创建响应式监听
function initData(vm: Component) {
let data = vm.$options.data
data = vm._data = typeof data === 'function'
? getData(data, vm)
: data || {}
// observe data
observe(data, true /* asRootData */)
}
export function observe(value: any, asRootData: ?boolean): Observer | void {
if (!isObject(value) || value instanceof VNode) {
return
}
// ... 判断数据value是否已经设置响应式过
let ob = new Observer(value)
return ob
}
export class Observer {
value: any;
dep: Dep;
vmCount: number; // number of vms that have this object as root $data
constructor(value: any) {
this.value = value
this.dep = new Dep()
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
this.observeArray(value)
} else {
this.walk(value)
}
}
walk(obj: Object) {
const keys = Object.keys(obj)
for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
defineReactive(obj, keys[i])
}
}
observeArray(items: Array) {
for (let i = 0, l = items.length; i < l; i++) {
observe(items[i])
}
}
}
Object.defineProperty响应式基础方法
- get:返回对应key的数据 + 依赖收集
- set:设置对应key的数据+派发更新
export function defineReactive(obj: Object, key: string, val: any, ...args) {
const dep = new Dep()
let childOb = !shallow && observe(val) // 如果val也是object
Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
get: function reactiveGetter() {
const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val
if (Dep.target) {
dep.depend()
if (childOb) {
// key对应的val是Object,当val里面的key发生改变时
// 即obj[key][key1]=xxx
// 也会通知目前obj[key]收集的Watcher的更新
childOb.dep.depend()
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
dependArray(value)
}
}
}
return value
},
set: function reactiveSetter(newVal) {
const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val
if (newVal === value || (newVal !== newVal && value !== value)) {
return
}
if (setter) {
setter.call(obj, newVal)
} else {
val = newVal
}
childOb = !shallow && observe(newVal)
dep.notify()
}
})
}
Dep响应式依赖管理类
- 每一个key都有一个Dep管理类
- Dep具备addSub,即关联Watcher(渲染Watcher或者其它)的能力
- Dep具备depend(),被Watcher显式关联,可以被Watcher触发dep.notify()通知它关联Watcher更新的能力
Dep.target = null
const targetStack = []
export default class Dep {
static target: ?Watcher;
id: number;
subs: Array;
constructor () {
this.id = uid++
this.subs = []
}
addSub (sub: Watcher) {
this.subs.push(sub)
}
removeSub (sub: Watcher) {
remove(this.subs, sub)
}
depend () {
if (Dep.target) {
Dep.target.addDep(this)
}
}
notify () {
const subs = this.subs.slice()
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && !config.async) {
subs.sort((a, b) => a.id - b.id)
}
for (let i = 0, l = subs.length; i < l; i++) {
subs[i].update()
}
}
}
Watcher响应式依赖收集和派发更新执行类
- get()方法进行pushTarget(this),触发对应的getter回调,开始收集,然后popTarget(this),停止收集,最后触发cleanupDeps()进行依赖的更新
- update()将更新内容压入队列中,然后根据顺序调用Watcher.run(),也就是回调constructor()传进来的this.cb方法
export default class Watcher {
constructor(...args) {
this.vm = vm
if (isRenderWatcher) {
vm._watcher = this
}
vm._watchers.push(this)
this.cb = cb; // 触发更新时调用的方法
this.deps = []
this.newDeps = []
this.depIds = new Set()
this.newDepIds = new Set()
this.value = this.lazy
? undefined
: this.get()
}
get() {
pushTarget(this)
let value
const vm = this.vm
value = this.getter.call(vm, vm)
if (this.deep) {
traverse(value)
}
popTarget()
this.cleanupDeps()
return value
}
addDep(dep: Dep) {
const id = dep.id
if (!this.newDepIds.has(id)) {
this.newDepIds.add(id)
this.newDeps.push(dep)
if (!this.depIds.has(id)) {
dep.addSub(this)
}
}
}
cleanupDeps() {
let i = this.deps.length
while (i--) {
const dep = this.deps[i]
if (!this.newDepIds.has(dep.id)) {
dep.removeSub(this)
}
}
let tmp = this.depIds
this.depIds = this.newDepIds
this.newDepIds = tmp
this.newDepIds.clear()
tmp = this.deps
this.deps = this.newDeps
this.newDeps = tmp
this.newDeps.length = 0
}
update() {
if (this.lazy) {
this.dirty = true
} else if (this.sync) {
this.run()
} else {
queueWatcher(this)
}
}
run() {
if (this.active) {
const value = this.get()
if (value !== this.value || isObject(value) || this.deep) {
const oldValue = this.value
this.value = value
if (this.user) {
const info = `callback for watcher "${this.expression}"`
invokeWithErrorHandling(this.cb, this.vm, [value, oldValue], this.vm, info)
} else {
this.cb.call(this.vm, value, oldValue)
}
}
}
}
depend() {
let i = this.deps.length
while (i--) {
this.deps[i].depend()
}
}
}
Object数据类型响应式
最外一层key的响应式设置
使用observe()对每一个Object的key都进行Object.defineProperty()劫持
function observe(value, asRootData) {
ob = new Observer(value);
return ob
}
var Observer = function Observer(value) {
this.value = value;
this.dep = new Dep();
this.vmCount = 0;
def(value, '__ob__', this);
this.walk(value);
};
walk (obj: Object) {
const keys = Object.keys(obj)
for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
defineReactive(obj, keys[i])
}
}
export function defineReactive(obj: Object, key: string, val: any, customSetter?: ?Function, shallow?: boolean) {
if ((!getter || setter) && arguments.length === 2) {
val = obj[key]
}
Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
get: function reactiveGetter() {
const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val
if (Dep.target) {
dep.depend()
}
return value
},
set: function reactiveSetter(newVal) {
if (setter) {
setter.call(obj, newVal)
} else {
val = newVal
}
dep.notify()
}
})
}
深度key的响应式设置
export function defineReactive(obj: Object, key: string, val: any, customSetter?: ?Function, shallow?: boolean) {
const dep = new Dep()
let childOb = !shallow && observe(val)
Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
get: function reactiveGetter() {
const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val
if (Dep.target) {
dep.depend()
if (childOb) {
childOb.dep.depend()
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
dependArray(value)
}
}
}
return value
},
set: function reactiveSetter(newVal) {
if (setter) {
setter.call(obj, newVal)
} else {
val = newVal
}
childOb = !shallow && observe(newVal)
dep.notify()
}
})
}
- 由上面对observe()方法的分析,它会遍历Object的每一个key,进行Object.defineProperty声明
- 对于Object每一个key对应的value,如果childOb = !shallow && observe(val)不为空,那么它会遍历value对应的每一个key,如果value[key]也是一个Object,那么会再次走到childOb = !shallow && observe(val),直到所有Object都为响应式数据为止
- 对于obj[key]来说,会调用dep.depend(),如果obj[key]本身也是一个对象,即childOb不为空,那么它就会调用childOb.dep.depend(),因此当obj[key][key1]=xx时,也会触发dep.depend()收集的Watcher发生更新,例如
data: {
parent: {
children: {test: "111"}
}
}
{{parent.children}}
由上面的分析可以知道,当this.parent.children.test发生变化时,会触发this.parent.children收集的渲染Watcher发生变化,从而触发界面重新渲染
额外添加key
由于Object.defineProperty()的限制,无法实现对Object新增key的响应式监听,因此当我们想要为Object设置新的key的时候,需要调用Vue.set方法
export function set(target: Array | Object, key: any, val: any): any {
if (key in target && !(key in Object.prototype)) {
target[key] = val;
return val;
}
const ob = (target: any).__ob__;
if (!ob) {
target[key] = val;
return val;
}
defineReactive(ob.value, key, val);
ob.dep.notify();
return val;
}
Vue.set()的流程可以总结为:
- 为Object增加对应的key和value数据
- 将新增的key加入响应式监听中,如果key对应的value也是Object,按照上面深度key的监听设置分析,会递归调用observe进行深度key的响应式设置
- 手动触发Object收集的Watcher的刷新操作
本质上,上面的三步流程除了第二步有略微差别之外,其它部分跟defineReactive中的set()方法流程一致
删除key
删除key也无法触发响应式的变化,需要手动调用Vue.del()方法:
- 删除Object指定的key
- 手动触发Object收集的Watcher的刷新操作
function del(target: Array | Object, key: any) {
if (Array.isArray(target) && isValidArrayIndex(key)) {
target.splice(key, 1)
return
}
const ob = (target: any).__ob__
if (!hasOwn(target, key)) {
return
}
delete target[key]
if (!ob) {
return
}
ob.dep.notify()
}
Array数据类型响应式
前置说明
根据官方文档[1]说明,Vue 不能检测以下数组的变动
- 当你利用索引直接设置一个数组项时,例如:vm.items[indexOfItem] = newValue
- 当你修改数组的长度时,例如:vm.items.length = newLength
举个例子:
var vm = new Vue({
data: {
items: ['a', 'b', 'c']
}
})
vm.items[1] = 'x' // 不是响应性的
vm.items.length = 2 // 不是响应性的
为了解决第一类问题,以下两种方式都可以实现和 vm.items[indexOfItem] = newValue 相同的效果,同时也将在响应式系统内触发状态更新
// Vue.set
Vue.set(vm.items, indexOfItem, newValue)
// Array.prototype.splice
vm.items.splice(indexOfItem, 1, newValue)
为了解决第二类问题,你可以使用 splice:
vm.items.splice(newLength)
对Array[index]数据的响应式监听
如果item=Array[index]是Object数据,使用observe()对Array的每一个item都进行响应式的声明
function observe(value, asRootData) {
ob = new Observer(value);
return ob
}
var Observer = function Observer(value) {
this.value = value;
this.dep = new Dep();
this.vmCount = 0;
def(value, '__ob__', this);
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
if (hasProto) {
protoAugment(value, arrayMethods)
} else {
copyAugment(value, arrayMethods, arrayKeys)
}
this.observeArray(value)
}
};
observeArray(items: Array ) {
for (let i = 0, l = items.length; i < l; i++) {
observe(items[i])
}
}
Vue.set更新Array-item
从下面代码可以看出,Vue.set()更新数组的item本质上也是调用Array.splice()方法
export function set(target: Array | Object, key: any, val: any): any {
if (Array.isArray(target) && isValidArrayIndex(key)) {
target.length = Math.max(target.length, key)
target.splice(key, 1, val)
return val
}
}
Array.splice更新Array-item
从上面的分析可以知道,一开始会触发new Observer(value)的初始化从下面代码可以知道,大部分浏览器会触发protoAugment()方法,也就是改变Array.__proto__
var Observer = function Observer(value) {
this.value = value;
this.dep = new Dep();
this.vmCount = 0;
def(value, '__ob__', this);
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
if (hasProto) {
protoAugment(value, arrayMethods)
} else {
copyAugment(value, arrayMethods, arrayKeys)
}
this.observeArray(value)
}
};
function protoAugment (target, src: Object) {
target.__proto__ = src
}
// node_modules/vue/src/core/observer/array.js
const arrayProto = Array.prototype
export const arrayMethods = Object.create(arrayProto)
而改变了Array.__proto__多少方法呢?
const methodsToPatch = [
'push',
'pop',
'shift',
'unshift',
'splice',
'sort',
'reverse'
]
methodsToPatch.forEach(function (method) {
const original = arrayProto[method]
def(arrayMethods, method, function mutator(...args) {
const result = original.apply(this, args)
const ob = this.__ob__
let inserted
switch (method) {
case 'push':
case 'unshift':
inserted = args
break
case 'splice':
inserted = args.slice(2)
break
}
if (inserted) ob.observeArray(inserted)
// notify change
ob.dep.notify()
return result
})
})
// node_modules/vue/src/core/util/lang.js
export function def(obj: Object, key: string, val: any, enumerable?: boolean) {
Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
value: val,
enumerable: !!enumerable,
writable: true,
configurable: true
})
}
从上面代码分析可以知道,Vue劫持了Array的'push','pop','shift', 'unshift', 'splice', 'sort','reverse'方法,一旦运行了这些方法,会主动触发:
- 调用Array原来的方法进行调用,然后返回Array原来的方法的返回值,如Array.push调用后的返回值
- 进行observeArray的响应式设置,更新新设置的item(可能为Object,需要设置响应式)
- 手动触发ob.dep.notify(),触发对应的Watcher更新,达到响应式自动更新的目的
渲染Watcher依赖收集流程分析
仅仅分析最简单的渲染Watcher依赖收集的流程,实际上并不是只有渲染Watcher一种
图片
渲染Watcher派发更新流程分析
图片
computed依赖收集和派发更新分析
测试代码
{{myName}}
// { [key: string]: Function | { get: Function, set: Function } }
computed: {
myName: function() {
// 没有set()方法,只有get()方法
return this.firstName + this.lastName;
}
}
依赖收集流程图分析
图片
依赖收集代码分析
computedWatcher初始化
Vue.prototype._init初始化时,会调用initState()->initComputed(),从而进行computed数据的初始化
// node_modules/vue/src/core/instance/state.js
function initComputed(vm: Component, computed: Object) {
const watchers = vm._computedWatchers = Object.create(null)
for (const key in computed) {
const userDef = computed[key];
const getter = typeof userDef === 'function' ? userDef : userDef.get;
watchers[key] = new Watcher(
vm,
getter || noop,
noop,
computedWatcherOptions //{ lazy: true }
)
defineComputed(vm, key, userDef);
}
}
从上面代码可以知道,最终为每一个computed监听的数据建立一个Watcher,一个数据对应一个computed Watcher,传入{ lazy: true },然后调用defineComputed()方法
export function defineComputed(target: any, key: string, userDef: Object | Function) {
// 为了减少分支判断,方便理解,统一假设userDef传入Function
sharedPropertyDefinition.get = createComputedGetter(key);
sharedPropertyDefinition.set = noop;
Object.defineProperty(target, key, sharedPropertyDefinition)
}
function createComputedGetter(key) {
return function computedGetter() {
const watcher = this._computedWatchers && this._computedWatchers[key]
if (watcher) {
if (watcher.dirty) {
watcher.evaluate()
}
if (Dep.target) {
watcher.depend()
}
return watcher.value
}
}
}
从上面代码可以知道,最终defineComputed是进行了Object.defineProperty的数据劫持,一般在computed中都只写get()方法,即
computed: {
myName: function() {
// 没有set()方法,只有get()方法
return this.firstName + this.lastName;
}
}
而回到上面代码的分析,defineComputed劫持了computed的get()方法,最终返回watcher.value
渲染Watcher触发ComputedWatcher的get()方法执行
当界面上{myName}渲染myName的时候,会触发myName的get()方法,由于Object.defineProperty的数据劫持,会先调用
- watcher.evaluate()->watcher.get()(从下面的代码可以得出这样的推导关系)
- watcher.depend()
const watcher = this._computedWatchers && this._computedWatchers[key]
if (watcher) {
if (watcher.dirty) {
// evaluate () {
// this.value = this.get()
// this.dirty = false
// }
watcher.evaluate()
}
if (Dep.target) {
// depend() {
// let i = this.deps.length
// while (i--) {
// this.deps[i].depend()
// }
// }
watcher.depend()
}
return watcher.value
}
// watcher.js
get() {
// function pushTarget (target: ?Watcher) {
// targetStack.push(target)
// Dep.target = target
// }
pushTarget(this);
let value;
const vm = this.vm;
try {
// this.getter = return this.firstName + this.lastName;
value = this.getter.call(vm, vm);
} catch (e) {}
finally {
if (this.deep) { // watch类型的watcher才能配置这个参数
traverse(value);
}
popTarget();
this.cleanupDeps();
}
return value;
}
从上面的代码可以知道,当调用watcher.evaluate()->watcher.get()的时候,会调用:
- pushTarget(this):将目前的Dep.target 切换到Computed Watcher
- this.getter.call(vm, vm):触发this.firstName对应的get()方法和this.lastName对应的get()方法。由下面的依赖收集代码可以知道,此时this.firstName和this.lastName持有的Dep会进行dep.addSub(this),收集该Computed Watcher
- popTarget():将目前的Dep.target恢复到上一个状态
- cleanupDeps():更新Computed Watcher的所有依赖关系,将无效的依赖关系删除(比如v-if造成的依赖关系不用再依赖)
- 最终返回myName= return this.firstName + this.lastName;
watcher.evaluate():求值 + 更新依赖 + 将涉及到的响应式对象firstName和lastName关联到Computed Watcher
export function defineReactive(obj: Object, key: string, val: any, ...args) {
const dep = new Dep()
let childOb = !shallow && observe(val)
Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
get: function reactiveGetter() {
const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val
if (Dep.target) {
dep.depend()
if (childOb) {
childOb.dep.depend()
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
dependArray(value)
}
}
}
return value
}
})
}
// Dep.js
depend () {
if (Dep.target) {
Dep.target.addDep(this)
}
}
// watcher.js
addDep(dep: Dep) {
const id = dep.id
if (!this.newDepIds.has(id)) {
this.newDepIds.add(id)
this.newDeps.push(dep)
if (!this.depIds.has(id)) {
dep.addSub(this)
}
}
}
回到myName的get()方法,即下面的代码,我们刚刚分析了watcher.evaluate(),那么我们接下来还调用了myName中watcher.depend()我们从上面的代码知道,这个方法主要是用来收集依赖的,此时的Dep.target是渲染Watcher,computed Watcher会进行自身的depend(),本质是拿出自己所有记录的Dep(为了方便理解,我们理解Dep就是一个响应式对象的代理),computed Watcher拿出自己记录的所有的deps[i],然后调用它们的depend()方法,从而完成这些响应式对象(firstName和lastName)与渲染Watcher的关联,最后返回watcher.value
const watcher = this._computedWatchers && this._computedWatchers[key]
if (watcher) {
if (watcher.dirty) {
// 上面分析触发了watcher.get()方法
// 得到对应的watcher.value
// 收集了firstName+lastName和computerWatcher的绑定
watcher.evaluate();
// 将目前的Dep.target切换到渲染Watcher
}
if (Dep.target) {
// depend() {
// let i = this.deps.length
// while (i--) {
// this.deps[i].depend()
// }
// }
watcher.depend()
}
return watcher.value
}
// watcher.js
depend() {
// this.deps是从cleanupDeps()中
// this.deps = this.newDeps来的
// this.newDeps是通过addDep()来的
let i = this.deps.length
while (i--) {
this.deps[i].depend()
}
}
// Dep.js
depend() {
if (Dep.target) {
Dep.target.addDep(this)
}
}
派发更新流程图分析
图片
派发更新代码分析
computed: {
myName: function() {
// 没有set()方法,只有get()方法
return this.firstName + this.lastName;
}
}
当this.firstName发生改变时,会触发this.firstName.dep.subs.notify()功能,也就是触发刚刚注册的两个Watcher: 渲染Watcher和Computed Watcher,首先触发的是Computed Watcher的notify()方法,由下面的代码可以知道,只执行this.dirty=true
update () {
// Computed Watcher的this.lazy都为true
if (this.lazy) {
this.dirty = true
} else if (this.sync) {
this.run()
} else {
queueWatcher(this)
}
}
然后触发渲染Watcher,触发整个界面进行渲染,从而触发该computed[key]的get()方法执行,也就是myName的get()方法执行,由依赖收集的代码可以知道,最终执行为
const watcher = this._computedWatchers && this._computedWatchers[key]
if (watcher) {
if (watcher.dirty) {
// 上面分析触发了watcher.get()方法
// 得到对应的watcher.value
watcher.evaluate();
}
if (Dep.target) {
// depend() {
// let i = this.deps.length
// while (i--) {
// this.deps[i].depend()
// }
// }
watcher.depend()
}
return watcher.value
}
从上面的分析可以知道,computed[key]的get()先收集了一波依赖:
- watcher.evaluate():求值watcher.value + 更新依赖 + 将涉及到的响应式对象关联到Computed Watcher
- watcher.depend():将涉及到的响应式对象关联到当前的Dep.target,即渲染Watcher
然后返回了对应的值watcher.value
computedWatcher一般无set方法,因此触发派发更新就是触发渲染Watcher/其它Watcher持有computed进行重新渲染,从而触发computed的get方法,收集最新依赖以及获取最新值
watch依赖收集和派发更新分析
watch流程图跟computed流程大同小异,因此watch只做源码分析
测试代码
watch支持多种模式的监听方式,比如传入一个回调函数,比如传入一个方法名称,比如传入一个Object,配置参数
// { [key: string]: string | Function | Object | Array }
watch: {
a: function (val, oldVal) {},
b: 'someMethod', // 方法名
c: {
handler: function (val, oldVal) {}, // 值改变时的回调方法
deep: true, // 深度遍历
immediate: true // 马上回调一次
},
// 你可以传入回调数组,它们会被逐一调用
e: [
'handle1', // 方式1
function handle2 (val, oldVal) {}, // 方式2
{ // 方式3
handler: function (val, oldVal) {},
deep: true,
immediate: true
},
],
// watch vm.e.f's value: {g: 5}
'e.f': function (val, oldVal) {}
}
初始化watch
export function initState(vm: Component) {
if (opts.watch && opts.watch !== nativeWatch) {
initWatch(vm, opts.watch);
}
}
function initWatch(vm: Component, watch: Object) {
for (const key in watch) {
const handler = watch[key];
// 处理watch:{b: [三种形式都允许]}的形式
if (Array.isArray(handler)) {
for (let i = 0; i < handler.length; i++) {
createWatcher(vm, key, handler[i]);
}
} else {
createWatcher(vm, key, handler);
}
}
}
function createWatcher(vm: Component, expOrFn: string | Function, handler: any, options?: Object) {
if (isPlainObject(handler)) {
// 处理watch:{b: {handler: 处理函数, deep: true, immediate: true}}的形式
options = handler
handler = handler.handler
}
if (typeof handler === 'string') {
// 处理watch: {b: 'someMethod'}的形式
handler = vm[handler]
}
return vm.$watch(expOrFn, handler, options)
}
从上面的代码可以看出,初始化时,会进行watch中各种参数的处理,将3种不同类型的watch回调模式整理成为规范的模式,最终调用Vue.prototype.$watch进行new Watcher的构建
Vue.prototype.$watch = function (expOrFn: string | Function, cb: any, options?: Object): Function {
const vm: Component = this
// cb是回调方法,如果还是对象,则使用createWatcher拆出来里面的对象
if (isPlainObject(cb)) {
return createWatcher(vm, expOrFn, cb, options)
}
options.user = true
// 建立一个watch类型的Watcher
// expOrFn: getter
// cb: 注册的回调
const watcher = new Watcher(vm, expOrFn, cb, options)
if (options.immediate) {
// optinotallow={immediate:true}的分支逻辑
pushTarget()
invokeWithErrorHandling(cb, vm, [watcher.value], vm, info)
popTarget()
}
return function unwatchFn() {
watcher.teardown()
}
}
依赖收集代码分析
新建Watcher的时候, 在constructor()中会触发
class watcher {
constructor() {
// watch的key
this.getter = parsePath(expOrFn);
this.value = this.lazy?undefined:this.get();
}
const bailRE = new RegExp(`[^${unicodeRegExp.source}.$_d]`)
export function parsePath (path: string): any {
if (bailRE.test(path)) {
return
}
const segments = path.split('.')
return function (obj) {
for (let i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
if (!obj) return
obj = obj[segments[i]]
}
return obj
}
}
从上面的代码可以知道,最终this.getter调用的还是传入的obj[key],从下面的get()方法可以知道,赋值this.getter后,会触发get()方法,从而触发this.getter.call(vm, vm),因此最终this.getter得到的就是vm[key]
get() {
pushTarget(this)
let value
const vm = this.vm
value = this.getter.call(vm, vm)
if (this.deep) {
traverse(value); // 深度遍历数组/对象,实现
}
popTarget()
this.cleanupDeps()
return value
}
// traverse.js
export function traverse (val: any) {
_traverse(val, seenObjects)
seenObjects.clear()
}
function _traverse (val: any, seen: SimpleSet) {
let i, keys
const isA = Array.isArray(val)
if ((!isA && !isObject(val)) || Object.isFrozen(val) || val instanceof VNode) {
return
}
if (val.__ob__) {
const depId = val.__ob__.dep.id
if (seen.has(depId)) {
return
}
seen.add(depId)
}
if (isA) {
i = val.length
while (i--) _traverse(val[i], seen)
} else {
keys = Object.keys(val)
i = keys.length
while (i--) _traverse(val[keys[i]], seen)
}
}
上面代码的步骤可以概括为
- pushTarget:修复当前的Dep.target为当前的watch类型的Watcher
- this.getter:返回当前的vm[key],同时触发vm[key]的响应式劫持get()方法,从而触发vm[key]持有的Dep对象启动dep.depend()进行依赖收集(如下面代码所示),vm[key]持有的Dep对象将当前的watch类型的Watcher收集到vm[key]中,下次vm[key]发生变化时,会触发watch类型的Watcher进行callback的回调
- traverse(value):深度遍历,会访问每一个Object的key,由于每一个Object的key之前在initState()的时候已经使用Object.defineProperty()进行get方法的劫持,因此触发它们对应的getter方法,进行dep.depend()收集当前的watch类型的Watcher,从而实现改变Object内部深层的某一个key的时候会回调watch类型的Watcher。没有加deep=true的时候,watch类型的Watcher只能监听Object的改变,比如watch:{curData: function(){}},只有this.curData=xxx,才会触发watch,this.curData.children=xxx是不会触发的
- popTarget:恢复Dep.target为上一个状态
- cleanupDeps:更新依赖关系
- 返回值value,依赖收集结束,watch类型的Watcher初始化结束
Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
get: function reactiveGetter() {
const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val
if (Dep.target) {
dep.depend()
if (childOb) {
childOb.dep.depend()
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
dependArray(value)
}
}
}
return value
}
})
派发更新代码分析
当watcher的值发生改变时,会触发dep.subs.notify()方法,从上面的分析可以知道,最终会调用watcher.run()方法
run() {
if (this.active) {
const value = this.get()
if (
value !== this.value ||
isObject(value) ||
this.deep
) {
// set new value
const oldValue = this.value
this.value = value
if (this.user) {
const info = `callback for watcher "${this.expression}"`
invokeWithErrorHandling(this.cb, this.vm, [value, oldValue], this.vm, info)
} else {
this.cb.call(this.vm, value, oldValue)
}
}
}
}
由于watch类型的Watcher传入了this.user=true,因此会触发invokeWithErrorHandling(this.cb, this.vm, [value, oldValue], this.vm, info),将新值和旧值一起回调,比如
watch: {
myObject: function(value, oldValue) {//新值和旧值}
}
watchOptions几种模式分析
deep=true
// watcher.js
get() {
pushTarget(this)
let value
const vm = this.vm
try {
value = this.getter.call(vm, vm)
} catch (e) {
if (this.user) {
handleError(e, vm, `getter for watcher "${this.expression}"`)
} else {
throw e
}
} finally {
// "touch" every property so they are all tracked as
// dependencies for deep watching
if (this.deep) {
traverse(value)
}
popTarget()
this.cleanupDeps()
}
return value
}
在get()方法中进行对象的深度key的遍历,触发它们的getter()方法,进行依赖的收集,可以实现
watch: {
myObject: {
deep: true,
handler: function(value, oldValue) {//新值和旧值}
}
}
this.myObject.a = 2;
虽然上面的例子只是监听了myObject,但是由于加入deep=true,因此this.myObject.a也会触发watcher.run(),如下面代码所示,由于this.deep=true,因此会回调cb(value, oldValue)
run() {
if (this.active) {
const value = this.get()
if (
value !== this.value ||
isObject(value) ||
this.deep
) {
// set new value
const oldValue = this.value
this.value = value
if (this.user) {
const info = `callback for watcher "${this.expression}"`
invokeWithErrorHandling(this.cb, this.vm, [value, oldValue], this.vm, info)
} else {
this.cb.call(this.vm, value, oldValue)
}
}
}
}
immediate=true
从下面代码可以知道,当声明immediate=true的时候,初始化Watcher,会马上调用invokeWithErrorHandling(cb, vm, [watcher.value], vm, info),即cb的回调
Vue.prototype.$watch = function (
expOrFn: string | Function,
cb: any,
options?: Object
): Function {
const vm: Component = this
if (isPlainObject(cb)) {
return createWatcher(vm, expOrFn, cb, options)
}
options = options || {}
options.user = true
const watcher = new Watcher(vm, expOrFn, cb, options)
if (options.immediate) {
const info = `callback for immediate watcher "${watcher.expression}"`
pushTarget()
invokeWithErrorHandling(cb, vm, [watcher.value], vm, info)
popTarget()
}
return function unwatchFn() {
watcher.teardown()
}
}
watch: {
myObject:
{
immediate: true,
handler: function() {...初始化马上触发一次}
}
}
sync=true
如果声明了sync=true,在dep.sub.notify()中,会马上执行,如果没有声明sync=true,会推入队列中,等到下一个nextTick周期才会执行
update() {
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (this.lazy) {
this.dirty = true
} else if (this.sync) {
this.run()
} else {
queueWatcher(this)
}
}
export function queueWatcher(watcher: Watcher) {
const id = watcher.id
if (has[id] == null) {
has[id] = true
if (!flushing) {
queue.push(watcher)
} else {
// if already flushing, splice the watcher based on its id
// if already past its id, it will be run next immediately.
let i = queue.length - 1
while (i > index && queue[i].id > watcher.id) {
i--
}
queue.splice(i + 1, 0, watcher)
}
// queue the flush
if (!waiting) {
waiting = true
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && !config.async) {
flushSchedulerQueue()
return
}
nextTick(flushSchedulerQueue)
}
}
}