MySQL 8.0 安装脚本

作者简介

马听，多年 DBA 经验，对MySQL、 Redis、MongoDB、Go等有一定了解，书籍《MySQL DBA精英实战课》作者，慕课网DBA体系课（https://class.imooc.com/sale/dba）讲师。

英雄联盟S3赛季排位青铜五0胜点（当时没有更低段位了）选手。

1 下载安装包

首先，我们下载MySQL 8.0.25的安装包：

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

再解压这个xz文件

xz -d mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

2 编辑配置文件模板

vim my.cnf

加入如下内容：

[client]
port = 3306
socket = tmp/mysql.sock


[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = tmp/mysql.sock


## dir set
datadir = data/mysql/data
innodb_data_home_dir = data/mysql/data
innodb_log_group_home_dir = data/mysql/data
log-bin = data/mysql/binlog/mysql-bin
log_bin_index = data/mysql/binlog/mysql-bin.index
relay-log = data/mysql/binlog/mysql-relay-bin
tmpdir = data/mysql/tmpdir
slow_query_log_file = data/mysql/log/mysql-slow.log
general_log_file = data/mysql/log/mysql-general.log
log-error = data/mysql/log/mysql.err


## slave and binlog
server-id = 6666 #
skip-slave-start = 0 #
read_only = 0 #
binlog_format = row
log-slave-updates = 1
master_info_repository = table
relay_log_info_repository = table
relay_log_purge = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
sync_binlog = 100 # !!!


binlog_cache_size = 1M
expire_logs_days = 30
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
slave_net_timeout=60
#binlog_error_action="IGNORE_ERROR"


innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=1


##
back_log = 200
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
#character-set-server = utf8
lower_case_table_names = 1 # 1：不区分


## 基线
local-infile = off
skip-networking = off
skip-name-resolve = on


## connect
max_allowed_packet = 32M
max_connect_errors = 1000
max_connections = 3000
wait_timeout = 3600 # 关闭 非交互 连接之前等待活动的秒数 default:8h
interactive_timeout = 3600 # 关闭 交互式 连接之前等待活动的秒数 default:8h


table_open_cache = 4096
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_stack = 192K
transaction-isolation = REPEATABLE-READ #
pid-file = mysql.pid


## slow
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
log-slow-admin-statements
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 0
slow_launch_time = 1
read_buffer_size = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 32M
tmp_table_size = 128M
max_heap_table_size = 128M


default-storage-engine = innodb
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = on


## innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_io_capacity = 1000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 1024
innodb_use_native_aio = 1
innodb_flush_neighbors = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1


innodb_data_file_path=ibdata:1G:autoextend
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_log_file_size = 2G
innodb_file_per_table = 1


innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_strict_mode = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_adaptive_flushing = 1
innodb_change_buffering = all
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_purge_batch_size = 300


innodb_old_blocks_time = 1
innodb_fast_shutdown = 0
performance_schema = 1
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 4M


innodb_page_size = 16k
gtid_mode=on
enforce_gtid_consistency=on


table_open_cache_instances=16
binlog_rows_query_log_events=1


slave_parallel_workers = 0 # 多线程复制线程数
#slave_parallel_type=LOGICAL_CLOCK
#binlog_group_commit_sync_delay = 500000
#binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count =12


## pasword
default_password_lifetime=0 # 0密码永不过期，N n天过期


[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M


[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt=p@d>_


[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 28192


[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

3 配置启动脚本

vim mysql.server

加入如下内容：

#!/bin/sh




basedir=
datadir=/data/mysql/data
confdir=/data/mysql/conf


# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
# Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf.
# 0 means don't wait at all
# Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
service_startup_timeout=900


# Lock directory for RedHat SuSE.
lockdir='/var/lock/subsys'
lock_file_path="$lockdir/mysql"


# The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.


# Set some defaults
mysqld_pid_file_path=
if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
fi
sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi


# datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be
# *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
datadir_set=


#
# Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
#
lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
. $lsb_functions
else
log_success_msg()
{
echo " SUCCESS! $@"
}
log_failure_msg()
{
echo " ERROR! $@"
}
fi


PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin"
export PATH


mode=$1 # start or stop


[ $# -ge 1 ] && shift




other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action
# Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
# They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
# of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.


case `echo "testingc"`,`echo -n testing` in
*c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;;
*c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;;
*) echo_n= echo_c='c' ;;
esac


parse_server_arguments() {
for arg do
case "$arg" in
--basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
;;
--datadir=*) datadir="/data/mysql/data"
datadir_set=1
;;
--pid-file=*) mysqld_pid_file_path=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
esac
done
}


wait_for_pid () {
verb="$1" # created | removed
pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
pid_file_path="$3" # path to the PID file.


i=0
avoid_race_condition="by checking again"


while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do


case "$verb" in
'created')
# wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
test -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
;;
'removed')
# wait for this PID-file to disappear
test ! -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
;;
*)
echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed pid pid_file_path"
exit 1
;;
esac


# if server isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated
if test -n "$pid"; then
if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
: # the server still runs
else
# The server may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.
if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
avoid_race_condition=""
continue # Check again.
fi


# there's nothing that will affect the file.
log_failure_msg "The server quit without updating PID file ($pid_file_path)."
return 1 # not waiting any more.
fi
fi


echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
i=`expr $i + 1`
sleep 1


done


if test -z "$i" ; then
log_success_msg
return 0
else
log_failure_msg
return 1
fi
}


# Get arguments from the my.cnf file,
# the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
if test -x "$bindir/my_print_defaults"; then
print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"
else
# Try to find basedir in etc/my.cnf
conf=/etc/my.cnf
print_defaults=
if test -r $conf
then
subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=(.*)$'
dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//1/' $conf`
for d in $dirs
do
d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'`
if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
then
print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
break
fi
done
fi


# Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it
test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"
fi


#
# Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there
# check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
#


extra_args=""
if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"
fi


parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`


#
# Set pid file if not given
#
if test -z "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
then
mysqld_pid_file_path=$datadir/`hostname`.pid
else
case "$mysqld_pid_file_path" in
* ) ;;
* ) mysqld_pid_file_path="$datadir/$mysqld_pid_file_path" ;;
esac
fi


case "$mode" in
'start')
# Start daemon


# Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
cd $basedir


echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
then
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
# may be overwritten at next upgrade.
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$confdir/my.cnf --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null &
wait_for_pid created "$!" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?


# Make lock for RedHat SuSE
if test -w "$lockdir"
then
touch "$lock_file_path"
fi


exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
fi
;;


'stop')
# Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
# root password.


if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
then
# signal mysqld_safe that it needs to stop
touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path.shutdown"


mysqld_pid=`cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"`


if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)
then
echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
kill $mysqld_pid
# mysqld should remove the pid file when it exits, so wait for it.
wait_for_pid removed "$mysqld_pid" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL server process #$mysqld_pid is not running!"
rm "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
fi


# Delete lock for RedHat SuSE
if test -f "$lock_file_path"
then
rm -f "$lock_file_path"
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL server PID file could not be found!"
fi
;;


'restart')
# Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
# running or not, start it again.
if $0 stop $other_args; then
$0 start $other_args
else
log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
exit 1
fi
;;


'reload'|'force-reload')
if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
exit 1
fi
;;
'status')
# First, check to see if pid file exists
if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then
log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 0
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
exit 1
fi
else
# Try to find appropriate mysqld process
mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`


# test if multiple pids exist
pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`
if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then
log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 5
elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then
if test -f "$lock_file_path" ; then
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock file ($lock_file_path) exists"
exit 2
fi
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
exit 3
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
exit 4
fi
fi
;;
*)
# usage
basename=`basename "$0"`
echo "Usage: $basename {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]"
exit 1
;;
esac


exit 0

4 配置MySQL安装脚本

新建脚本

vim install_mysql.sh

加入如下内容：

#!/bin/bash


# 解压
if [ -d "/usr/local/mysql" ];then
echo "/usr/local/mysql文件夹已经存在，请确定是否安装了MySQL"
exit
fi
echo "正在解压压缩包"
tar xf mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
mv mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 usr/local/mysql
echo "压缩包解压完毕"


# 创建MySQL相关目录
if [ -d "/data/mysql/" ];then
echo "/data/mysql文件夹已经存在，请确定是否安装了MySQL"
exit
fi
mkdir data/mysql/{binlog,data,log,tmpdir,conf} -p


# 判断是否有MySQL进程
mysql_pid=`ps -ef|grep mysqld|wc -l`
if [ $mysql_pid -eq 1 ];then
echo "MySQL进程没有运行"
else
echo "有MySQL进程运行，请检查"
exit
fi


#创建MySQL用户
mysql_user=`cat etc/passwd|grep -w mysql|wc -l`


if [ $mysql_user -eq 1 ];then
echo "MySQL用户已经存在"
else
echo "MySQL用户不存在，开始添加MySQL用户"
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
echo "添加MySQL用户成功"
fi


# 修改权限
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql


# 增加配置文件
cp ./my.cnf /data/mysql/conf/


# 初始化
echo "开始初始化"
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my.cnf --user=mysql --initialize


# 判断初始化是否成功
mysql_init=`cat /data/mysql/log/mysql.err|grep -i "root@localhost:"|wc -l`
if [ $mysql_init -eq 1 ];then
echo "mysql 初始化成功"
else
echo "mysql 初始化失败"
exit
fi


# 获取临时密码
temp_pwd=$(grep 'temporary password' /data/mysql/log/mysql.err)
pwd=${temp_pwd##* }
echo "临时密码是：${pwd}"


# 配置启动脚本
if [ ! -f "/etc/init.d/mysql.server" ];then
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/ -rf
chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysql.server
fi


# 启动mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql.server start


# 增加环境变量
mysql_path=`grep 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' /etc/profile|wc -l`
if [ $mysql_path -eq 0 ];then
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
fi


# 通过临时密码登录MySQL，并修改密码
mysql -uroot -p${pwd} --connect-expired-password -e "alter user user() identified by 'martin';"
echo "MySQL8.0.25 安装完成"

5 使用脚本安装MySQL

如果要安装MySQL，直接执行脚本就行

sh install_mysql.sh

MySQL相关命令所在的目录是：/usr/local/mysql/bin

MySQL数据目录是/data/mysql/data/

Binlog存放的目录是/data/mysql/binlog/

错误日志，慢查询日志存放的目录是/data/mysql/log

配置文件是：/data/mysql/conf/my.cnf

root密码默认是：martin（要修改默认密码的话，在脚本83行）

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