迁移 MySQL 数据到 OceanBase 集群

实践练习四（必选）：迁移 MySQL 数据到 OceanBase 集群

历史实践题回顾

1. 实践1：OceanBase Docker 体验
2. 实践2：手动部署 OceanBase 集群
3. 实践3：使用OBD 部署一个 三副本OceanBase 集群

练习目的

本次练习目的掌握从 MySQL 向 OceanBase 迁移数据的基本方法：mysqldump、datax 、canal 等。

练习内容

请记录并分享下列内容：

• （必选）使用 mysqldump 将 mysql的表结构和数据同步到 OceanBase 的MySQL 租户中。
• （必选）使用 datax 配置至少一个表的 MySQL 到 OceanBase 的 MySQL 租户的离线同步。
• （可选）使用 datax 配置至少一个表的 OceanBase 到 CSV 以及 CSV 到 OceanBase 的离线同步。
• （可选）使用 canal 配置 MySQL 的增量同步到 OceanBase 的 MySQL 租户。

具体实现

准备实验数据

unzip -qo tpcc-mysql-master.zip
cd tpcc-mysql-master/src
make

生成tpcc_load和 tpcc_start 二进制文件

将数据导入到源端（MySQL）

创建 tpcc 数据库

CREATE DATABASE `tpcc` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;

导入表对象

# grep -ci 'create table' create_table.sql
mycli tpcc <./create_table.sql
mycli tpcc -e "show tables;"

加载批量数据(tpcc_load)

./tpcc_load -h progs -P 3308 -d tpcc -u root -w 1 
## 用法
]# ./tpcc_load -h
*************************************
*** TPCC-mysql Data Loader        ***
*************************************
./tpcc_load: option requires an argument -- 'h'
Usage: tpcc_load -h server_host -P port -d database_name -u mysql_user -p mysql_password -w warehouses -l part -m min_wh -n max_wh
* [part]: 1=ITEMS 2=WAREHOUSE 3=CUSTOMER 4=ORDERS

• 查看表记录数

SELECT TABLE_NAME,DATA_LENGTH,INDEX_LENGTH,(DATA_LENGTH+INDEX_LENGTH) as length,TABLE_ROWS,concat(round((DATA_LENGTH+INDEX_LENGTH)/1024/1024,2), 'MB') as total_size 
FROM information_schema.TABLES 
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='tpcc' 
order by length desc
;

使用 mysqldump 将 mysql 的表结构和数据同步到 OceanBase 的MySQL 租户

仅导出表结构( MySQL 源端)

mysqldump -h progs -uroot -proot -P3308 -d tpcc --set-gtid-purged=OFF --compact > tpcc_ddl.sql

检查文件中是否存在特殊语法 | 变量等

grep -Ei "SQL_NOTES|DEFINER|MAX_ROWS" tpcc_ddl.sql

仅导出表数据( MySQL 源端)

mysqldump -h progs -uroot -P3308 --single-transaction --set-gtid-purged=OFF -t tpcc  > tpcc_data.sql

数据同步到 Oceanbase MySQL租户

obclient 连接到 MySQL 租户中并创建数据库 tpcc

obclient -hprogs -uroot@pay_mysql_tat#obce -P2883 -c -A 

create database tpcc;

导入表对象

obclient -hprogs -uroot@pay_mysql_tat#obce -P2883 -c -A tpcc

MySQL [tpcc]> source /tmp/tpcc_ddl.sql

导入表数据

-- 先禁用外键约束
MySQL [tpcc]> set global foreign_key_checks=off;
MySQL [tpcc]> show global variables like '%foreign%';

MySQL [tpcc]> source /tmp/tpcc_data.sql

检查两端数据量

使用 datax (离线)从 MySQL 同步表数据到 OceanBase

使用 datax 配置至少一个表的 MySQL 到 OceanBase 的 MySQL 租户的离线同步

部署 datax 软件

# 下载 datax 
wget http://datax-opensource.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/datax.tar.gz

# 解压
tar -xf datax.tar.gz
cd datax

# 删除datax中的隐藏文件
find ./datax/plugin -name ".*" | xargs rm -f

创建同步作业配置文件

生成模板文件

python ./datax/bin/datax.py -r mysqlreader -w oceanbasev10writer

修改同步作业文件

# 生成模板文件
python ./datax/bin/datax.py -r mysqlreader -w oceanbasev10writer > jog/my2ob.json

# 根据实际环境修改
vi job/my2obce.json

• 修改完成作业 json 文件

{    
"job": {
        "setting": {
            "speed": {
                "channel": 2,
            },
            "errorLimit": {
                "record": 10
            }
        },
        "content": [
            {
                "reader": {
                    "name": "mysqlreader",
                    "parameter": {
                        "username": "root",
                        "password": "root",
                        "splitPk": "no_o_id",
                        "column": [
                            "*"
                        ],
                        "connection": [
                            {
                                "jdbcUrl": [
                                    "jdbc:mysql://progs:3308/tpcc"
                                ],
                                "table": [
                                    "new_orders"
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                },
                "writer": {
                    "name": "oceanbasev10writer",
                    "parameter": {
                        "writeMode": "insert",
                        "username": "root",
                        "password": "root",
                        "writerThreadCount": 5,
                        "column": [
                            "*"
                        ],
                        "connection": [
                           {
                                "jdbcUrl": "||_dsc_ob10_dsc_||obce:pay_mysql_tat||_dsc_ob10_dsc_||jdbc:mysql://progs:2883/tpcc?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8",
                                "table": [
                                    "new_orders"
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

启动同步作业

python ./bin/datax.py ./job/my2obce.json

检查确认同步情况

使用 DataX 实现 CSV 与 OceanBase 间的数据离线同步

实现 OceanBase 到 CSV 同步

编辑作业配置文件

• 生成模板

python ${DATAX_HOME}/bin/datax.py -r oceanbasev10writer -w txtfilereader > ${DATAX_HOME}/job/ob2csv.json

• 根据实际环境修改对应值

vi ${DATAX_HOME}/job/ob2csv.json

{
    "job":{
        "setting":{
            "speed":{
                "channel":10
            },
            "errorLimit":{
                "record":0, "percentage": 0.02
            }
        },
        "content":[
            {
                "reader":{
                    "name":"oceanbasev10reader",
                    "parameter":{
                        "where":"",
                        "timeout":10000,
                        "readBatchSize":10000,
                        "readByPartition":"true",
                        "column": [
                            "actor_id",
                            "first_name",
                            "last_name",
                            "last_update"
                        ],
                        "connection":[
                            {
                                "jdbcUrl":["||_dsc_ob10_dsc_||obce:dev_mysql_tnt||_dsc_ob10_dsc_||jdbc:oceanbase://progs:2883/devdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8"],
                                "table":["actor"]
                            }
                        ],
                        "username": "syncer",
                        "password": "Sy#r3210"
                    }
                },
                "writer":{
                    "name": "txtfilewriter",
                    "parameter": {
                        "path": "/tmp/datax/",
                        "fileName": "actor",
                        "writeMode": "truncate",
                        "dateFormat": "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss",
                        "charset": "UTF-8",
                        "nullFormat": "\\N",
                        "fileDelimiter": ","
                    }
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

启动同步作业

python ${DATAX_HOME}/bin/datax.py ${DATAX_HOME}/job/ob2csv.json

检查确认

实现 CSV 到 OceanBase 同步

编辑作业配置文件

• 生成模板

python ${DATAX_HOME}/bin/datax.py -r txtfilereader -w oceanbasev10writer > ${DATAX_HOME}/job/csv2ob.json

• 根据实际环境修改对应值

vi ${DATAX_HOME}/job/csv2ob.json

{
    "job": {
        "setting": {
            "speed": {
                "channel": 4
            },
            "errorLimit": {
                "record": 0,
                "percentage": 0.1
            }
        },
        "content": [
            {
                "reader": {
                    "name": "txtfilereader",
                    "parameter": {
                        "path": ["/tmp/datax"],
                        "fileName": "sakila_actor",
                        "encoding": "UTF-8",
                        "column": ["*"],
                        "dateFormat": "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss" ,
                        "nullFormat": "\\N" ,
                        "fieldDelimiter": ","
                    }
                },
                "writer": {
                    "name": "oceanbasev10writer",
                    "parameter": {
                        "obWriteMode": "insert",
                        "column": [
                            "actor_id",
                            "first_name",
                            "last_name",
                            "last_update"
                        ],
                        "preSql": [
                            "truncate table actor"
                        ],
                        "connection": [
                            {
                                "jdbcUrl": "||_dsc_ob10_dsc_||obce:dev_mysql_tnt||_dsc_ob10_dsc_||jdbc:oceanbase://progs:2883/devdb?useLocalSessionState=true&allowBatch=true&allowMultiQueries=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true",
                                "table": [
                                    "actor"
                                ]
                            }
                        ],
                        "username": "syncer",
                        "password": "Sy#r3210",
                        "writerThreadCount": 10,
                        "batchSize": 100,
                        "memstoreThreshold": "0.9"
                    }
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

注意：

• path： 指定的CSV等文件目录仅存储待导入的文件，其它文件尽量删除避免受到干扰导致作业失败
• fileName ：文件前缀
• fieldDelimiter ：指定 csv 文件的列分隔符

启动同步作业

python ${DATAX_HOME}/bin/datax.py ${DATAX_HOME}/job/csv2ob.json

检查

select * from actor limit 20;
select count(*) cnt from actor;

使用 canal 配置 MySQL 的增量同步到 OceanBase 的 MySQL 租户

部署 server

解压软件

mkdir deployer && tar -xf canal.deployer-for-ob-rc2.tar.gz -C deployer

编辑配置文件

• 配置 canal-server 主配置文件：vi conf/canal.properties

#################################################
######### 		common argument		#############
#################################################
# tcp bind ip
canal.ip = 192.168.10.181
# register ip to zookeeper
canal.register.ip = 192.168.10.181 
# 运行canal-server服务的主机IP
canal.port = 11111                 
# canal-server监听的端口（TCP模式下，非TCP模式不监听1111端口）
canal.metrics.pull.port = 11112    
# canal-server metrics.pull监听的端口
# canal instance user/passwd
# canal.user = canal
# canal.passwd = E3619321C1A937C46A0D8BD1DAC39F93B27D4458

# canal admin config
#canal.admin.manager = 127.0.0.1:8089
canal.admin.port = 11110
canal.admin.user = admin
canal.admin.passwd = 4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441
# admin auto register
#canal.admin.register.auto = true
#canal.admin.register.cluster =
#canal.admin.register.name =

canal.zkServers =     
# canal server链接zookeeper集群的链接信息，集群模式下要配置zookeeper进行协调配置，单机模式可以不用配置
# flush data to zk
canal.zookeeper.flush.period = 1000    
# canal持久化数据到zookeeper上的更新频率，单位毫秒
canal.withoutNetty = false
# tcp, kafka, rocketMQ, rabbitMQ, pulsarMQ
canal.serverMode = tcp                  
# canal-server运行的模式，TCP模式就是直连客户端，不经过中间件。kafka和mq是消息队列的模式
# flush meta cursor/parse position to file
canal.file.data.dir = ${canal.conf.dir}  
# 存放数据的路径
canal.file.flush.period = 1000
## memory store RingBuffer size, should be Math.pow(2,n)
canal.instance.memory.buffer.size = 1024
## memory store RingBuffer used memory unit size , default 1kb
canal.instance.memory.buffer.memunit = 1024 
## meory store gets mode used MEMSIZE or ITEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.batch.mode = MEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.rawEntry = true

## detecing config     # 心跳检查的配置，做HA时会用到
canal.instance.detecting.enable = false
#canal.instance.detecting.sql = insert into retl.xdual values(1,now()) on duplicate key update x=now()
canal.instance.detecting.sql = select 1
canal.instance.detecting.interval.time = 3
canal.instance.detecting.retry.threshold = 3
canal.instance.detecting.heartbeatHaEnable = false

# support maximum transaction size, more than the size of the transaction will be cut into multiple transactions delivery
canal.instance.transaction.size =  1024
# mysql fallback connected to new master should fallback times
canal.instance.fallbackIntervalInSeconds = 60

# network config
canal.instance.network.receiveBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.sendBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.soTimeout = 30

# binlog filter config   # binlog过滤的配置，指定过滤那些SQL
canal.instance.filter.druid.ddl = true
canal.instance.filter.query.dcl = false  
# 是否忽略DCL的query语句，比如grant/create user等，默认false
canal.instance.filter.query.dml = false 
# 是否忽略DML的query语句，比如insert/update/delete table
canal.instance.filter.query.ddl = false  
# 是否忽略DDL的query语句，比如create table/alater table/drop table/rename table/create index/drop index
canal.instance.filter.table.error = false
canal.instance.filter.rows = false
canal.instance.filter.transaction.entry = false
canal.instance.filter.dml.insert = false
canal.instance.filter.dml.update = false
canal.instance.filter.dml.delete = false

# binlog format/image check   # binlog格式检测，使用ROW模式，非ROW模式也不会报错，但是同步不到数据
canal.instance.binlog.format = ROW,STATEMENT,MIXED 
canal.instance.binlog.image = FULL,MINIMAL,NOBLOB

# binlog ddl isolation
canal.instance.get.ddl.isolation = false

# parallel parser config
canal.instance.parser.parallel = true   
# 并行解析配置,若单CPU，需改为 false
## concurrent thread number, default 60% available processors, suggest not to exceed Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()
#canal.instance.parser.parallelThreadSize = 16
## disruptor ringbuffer size, must be power of 2
canal.instance.parser.parallelBufferSize = 256

# table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable = true
canal.instance.tsdb.dir = ${canal.file.data.dir:../conf}/${canal.instance.destination:}
canal.instance.tsdb.url = jdbc:h2:${canal.instance.tsdb.dir}/h2;CACHE_SIZE=1000;MODE=MYSQL;
canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername = canal
canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword = canal
# dump snapshot interval, default 24 hour
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.interval = 24
# purge snapshot expire , default 360 hour(15 days)
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.expire = 360

#################################################
######### 		destinations		#############
#################################################
canal.destinations = example  
# canal-server创建的实例名称
# conf root dir
canal.conf.dir = ../conf
# auto scan instance dir add/remove and start/stop instance
canal.auto.scan = true
canal.auto.scan.interval = 5
# set this value to 'true' means that when binlog pos not found, skip to latest.
# WARN: pls keep 'false' in production env, or if you know what you want.
canal.auto.reset.latest.pos.mode = false

canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/h2-tsdb.xml
#canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/mysql-tsdb.xml

canal.instance.global.mode = spring
canal.instance.global.lazy = false
canal.instance.global.manager.address = ${canal.admin.manager}
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/memory-instance.xml
canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/file-instance.xml
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/default-instance.xml

##################################################
######### 	      MQ Properties      #############
##################################################
# aliyun ak/sk , support rds/mq
canal.aliyun.accessKey =
canal.aliyun.secretKey =
canal.aliyun.uid=

canal.mq.flatMessage = true
canal.mq.canalBatchSize = 50
canal.mq.canalGetTimeout = 100
# Set this value to "cloud", if you want open message trace feature in aliyun.
canal.mq.accessChannel = local

canal.mq.database.hash = true
canal.mq.send.thread.size = 30
canal.mq.build.thread.size = 8

##################################################
######### 		     Kafka 		     #############
##################################################
kafka.bootstrap.servers = 127.0.0.1:9092
kafka.acks = all
kafka.compression.type = none
kafka.batch.size = 16384
kafka.linger.ms = 1
kafka.max.request.size = 1048576
kafka.buffer.memory = 33554432
kafka.max.in.flight.requests.per.connection = 1
kafka.retries = 0

kafka.kerberos.enable = false
kafka.kerberos.krb5.file = "../conf/kerberos/krb5.conf"
kafka.kerberos.jaas.file = "../conf/kerberos/jaas.conf"

##################################################
######### 		    RocketMQ	     #############
##################################################
rocketmq.producer.group = test
rocketmq.enable.message.trace = false
rocketmq.customized.trace.topic =
rocketmq.namespace =
rocketmq.namesrv.addr = 127.0.0.1:9876
rocketmq.retry.times.when.send.failed = 0
rocketmq.vip.channel.enabled = false
rocketmq.tag = 

##################################################
######### 		    RabbitMQ	     #############
##################################################
rabbitmq.host =
rabbitmq.virtual.host =
rabbitmq.exchange =
rabbitmq.username =
rabbitmq.password =
rabbitmq.deliveryMode =


##################################################
######### 		      Pulsar         #############
##################################################
pulsarmq.serverUrl =
pulsarmq.roleToken =
pulsarmq.topicTenantPrefix = 

• 若文件中canal.destinations指定了多个实例名称，需要在./deployer/conf 同级目录下创建对应的实例，按下面步骤进行
• 示例：

grep 'canal.destinations' ./deployer/conf/canal.properties
canal.destinations = example, order

• 创建对应实例目录

cd ./deployer/conf
cp -a example order

• 
• 配置实例配置文件（以example实例举例说明）

以example实例配置进行说明，其它实例参照修改

vi conf/example/instance.properties

#################################################
## mysql serverId , v1.0.26+ will autoGen
canal.instance.mysql.slaveId=2000

# enable gtid use true/false
canal.instance.gtidon=false

# position info
canal.instance.master.address=192.168.10.181:3308  
# 指定要读取binlog的源端MySQL的IP地址和端口
canal.instance.master.journal.name=                
# 指定开始读取数据的binlog文件名称
canal.instance.master.position=                    
# 指定偏移量
canal.instance.master.timestamp=                   
# 指定起始的binlog的时间戳
canal.instance.master.gtid=

# rds oss binlog
canal.instance.rds.accesskey=
canal.instance.rds.secretkey=
canal.instance.rds.instanceId=

# table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable=true
#canal.instance.tsdb.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/canal_tsdb
#canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername=canal
#canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword=canal

#canal.instance.standby.address =
#canal.instance.standby.journal.name =
#canal.instance.standby.position =
#canal.instance.standby.timestamp =
#canal.instance.standby.gtid=

# username/password
canal.instance.dbUsername=syncer         
# 指定连接mysql的用户密码
canal.instance.dbPassword=Sy#r3210
canal.instance.connectionCharset = UTF-8 
# 字符集
# enable druid Decrypt database password
canal.instance.enableDruid=false
#canal.instance.pwdPublicKey=MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBALK4BUxdDltRRE5/zXpVEVPUgunvscYFtEip3pmLlhrWpacX7y7GCMo2/JM6LeHmiiNdH1FWgGCpUfircSwlWKUCAwEAAQ==

# table regex
canal.instance.filter.regex=devdb\\..*
# table black regex
canal.instance.filter.black.regex=mysql\\.slave_.*
# table field filter(format: schema1.tableName1:field1/field2,schema2.tableName2:field1/field2)
#canal.instance.filter.field=test1.t_product:id/subject/keywords,test2.t_company:id/name/contact/ch
# table field black filter(format: schema1.tableName1:field1/field2,schema2.tableName2:field1/field2)
#canal.instance.filter.black.field=test1.t_product:subject/product_image,test2.t_company:id/name/contact/ch

# mq config
canal.mq.topic=example
# dynamic topic route by schema or table regex
#canal.mq.dynamicTopic=mytest1.user,mytest2\\..*,.*\\..*
canal.mq.partition=0
# hash partition config
#canal.mq.partitionsNum=3
#canal.mq.partitionHash=test.table:id^name,.*\\..*
#canal.mq.dynamicTopicPartitionNum=test.*:4,mycanal:6
#################################################

注意：

• 上面的中文注释说明只是为了文档记录说明作用，运行环境中需要删除

启动服务

./bin/startup.sh

检查服务状态

# 查看 Server 日志
tail -100f logs/canal/canal.log
tail -100f logs/canal/canal_stdout.log

# 查看 instance 的日志
tail -10f logs/example/example.log

部署 adapter

解压软件

mkdir adapter && tar -xf canal.adapter-for-ob-rc2.tar.gz -C adapter

配置 adapter

• 修改启动器配置：vi conf/application.yml

server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  jackson:
    date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
    time-zone: GMT+8default-property-inclusion: non_null

canal.conf:
  mode: tcp #tcp kafka rocketMQ rabbitMQ
  flatMessage: true
  zookeeperHosts:
  syncBatchSize: 1000retries: 0timeout:
  accessKey:
  secretKey:
  consumerProperties:
    # canal tcp consumer
    # 指定canal-server的地址和端口
    canal.tcp.server.host: 192.168.10.181:11111
    canal.tcp.zookeeper.hosts:
    canal.tcp.batch.size: 500
    canal.tcp.username:
    canal.tcp.password:

  canalAdapters:
  - instance: example # canal instance Name or mq topic name
    groups:
    - groupId: g1
      outerAdapters:
      - name: logger
      - name: rdb
        key: obmysql 
        properties:
          jdbc.driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
          jdbc.url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.10.181:2883/devdb?useUnicode=true
          jdbc.username: syncer@dev_mysql_tnt#obce
          jdbc.password: Sy#r3210

• 修改 RDB 映射文件：conf/rdb/mytest_user.yml

dataSourceKey: defaultDS
destination: example 
groupId: g1
outerAdapterKey: obmysql
concurrent: true
dbMapping:mirrorDb: truedatabase: devdb

• destination : 指定的是 canal instance 名称
• outerAdapterKey : 指定的是 application.yml 文件中的 key

启动服务

cd adapter && ./bin/startup.sh

检查

# 检查日志
tail -100f logs/adapter/adapter.log

验证增量数据的同步情况

上游 MySQL(master) 端进行 DML 和 DDL 变更

• DDL 测试

create table t2(id int primary key, name varchar(32)) partition by hash(id);

• DML 测试

insert into t2 values(1, 'go'),(2, 'python'),(3, 'C++');
commit;

update t2 set name='C' where id = 3;
commit;

delete from t2 where id = 2;

检查验证目标端数据同步情况

select * from t2;

• adapter 日志
• 

附录

参考资料

• 社区版官网-文档-学习中心-入门教程：4.2 如何使用 mysqldump 迁移 MySQL 表 OceanBase 。
• 社区版官网-博客-入门实战：4.2：如何使用 mysqldump 迁移 MySQL 表 OceanBase
• https://open.oceanbase.com/blog/8600178