Oracle 23ai rpm安装配置及问题处理

1.安装介质下载 

Oracle 23ai 免费版本已经正式发布，Oracle官网提供免费的下载试用（无需账号）地址如下

官网下载和试用地址 Oracle Database 23ai Free：

https://www.oracle.com/database/free/get-started  
  三种安装方式可选 docker，vm和rpm安装包

rpm安装包仅支持linux8/9

rpm安装包大概1.3GB，可以官网下载，如果官网下载较慢可以选择关注我公众号：潇湘秦，然后点：发消息->23ai-rpm 获得网盘链接

2.Oracle 23ai rpm安装 本文使用Redhat8.5安装oracle23ai

2.1 将安装包上传到主机

oracle-database-free-23ai-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpmoracle-database-preinstall-23ai-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm

2.2执行preinstall 安装依赖包（root用户）

[root]#  dnf install -y oracle-database-preinstall*Last metadata expiration check: 0:37:48 ago on Wed 08 May 2024 09:56:29 AM CST.Dependencies resolved.============================================================================================================================================================= Package Architecture Version Repository Size=============================================================================================================================================================Installing: oracle-database-preinstall-23ai x86_64 1.0-2.el8 @commandline 30 kInstalling dependencies: compat-openssl10 x86_64 1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6 ol8_appstream 1.1 M glibc-devel x86_64 2.28-164.0.1.el8 ol8_baseos_latest 1.0 M ksh x86_64 20120801-259.0.1.el8 ol8_appstream 923 k libxcrypt-devel x86_64 4.1.1-6.el8 ol8_baseos_latest 25 k lm_sensors-libs x86_64 3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8 ol8_baseos_latest 59 k make x86_64 1:4.2.1-11.el8 ol8_baseos_latest 498 k sysstat x86_64 11.7.3-11.0.1.el8 ol8_appstream 427 k
Transaction Summary=============================================================================================================================================================Install 8 Packages
Total size: 4.1 MTotal download size: 4.0 MInstalled size: 10 MDownloading Packages:(1/7): libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 30 kB/s | 25 kB 00:00(2/7): lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8.x86_64.rpm 49 kB/s | 59 kB 00:01(3/7): make-4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64.rpm 304 kB/s | 498 kB 00:01(4/7): glibc-devel-2.28-164.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm 385 kB/s | 1.0 MB 00:02(5/7): compat-openssl10-1.0.2o-4.el8_6.x86_64.rpm 645 kB/s | 1.1 MB 00:01(6/7): ksh-20120801-259.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 923 kB 00:00(7/7): sysstat-11.7.3-11.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm 611 kB/s | 427 kB 00:00-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total 1.2 MB/s | 4.0 MB 00:03Running transaction checkTransaction check succeeded.Running transaction testTransaction test succeeded.Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64 1/8 Installing : glibc-devel-2.28-164.0.1.el8.x86_64 2/8 Running scriptlet: glibc-devel-2.28-164.0.1.el8.x86_64 2/8 Installing : make-1:4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64 3/8 Running scriptlet: make-1:4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64 3/8 Installing : compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6.x86_64 4/8 Running scriptlet: compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6.x86_64 4/8 Installing : ksh-20120801-259.0.1.el8.x86_64 5/8 Running scriptlet: ksh-20120801-259.0.1.el8.x86_64 5/8 Installing : lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8.x86_64 6/8 Running scriptlet: lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8.x86_64 6/8 Installing : sysstat-11.7.3-11.0.1.el8.x86_64 7/8 Running scriptlet: sysstat-11.7.3-11.0.1.el8.x86_64 7/8 Installing : oracle-database-preinstall-23ai-1.0-2.el8.x86_64 8/8 Running scriptlet: oracle-database-preinstall-23ai-1.0-2.el8.x86_64 8/8 Verifying : glibc-devel-2.28-164.0.1.el8.x86_64 1/8 Verifying : libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64 2/8 Verifying : lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8.x86_64 3/8 Verifying : make-1:4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64 4/8 Verifying : compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6.x86_64 5/8 Verifying : ksh-20120801-259.0.1.el8.x86_64 6/8 Verifying : sysstat-11.7.3-11.0.1.el8.x86_64 7/8 Verifying : oracle-database-preinstall-23ai-1.0-2.el8.x86_64 8/8
Installed: compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6.x86_64 glibc-devel-2.28-164.0.1.el8.x86_64 ksh-20120801-259.0.1.el8.x86_64 libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64 lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8.x86_64 make-1:4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64 oracle-database-preinstall-23ai-1.0-2.el8.x86_64 sysstat-11.7.3-11.0.1.el8.x86_64
Complete!


2.3 执行安装包（root）

[root@tmp]#dnf install -y oracle-database-free-23ai-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpmLast metadata expiration check: 0:38:37 ago on Wed 08 May 2024 09:56:29 AM CST.Dependencies resolved.============================================================================================================================================================= Package Architecture Version Repository Size=============================================================================================================================================================Installing: oracle-database-free-23ai x86_64 1.0-1 @commandline 1.3 G
Transaction Summary=============================================================================================================================================================Install 1 Package
Total size: 1.3 GInstalled size: 3.6 GDownloading Packages:Running transaction checkTransaction check succeeded.Running transaction testTransaction test succeeded.Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Running scriptlet: oracle-database-free-23ai-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1 Installing : oracle-database-free-23ai-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1 Running scriptlet: oracle-database-free-23ai-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1[INFO] Executing post installation scripts...[INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.To configure Oracle Database Free, optionally modify the parameters in '/etc/sysconfig/oracle-free-23ai.conf' and then run '/etc/init.d/oracle-free-23ai configure' as root.
Verifying : oracle-database-free-23ai-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1
Installed: oracle-database-free-23ai-1.0-1.x86_64
Complete!


2.4 初始化数据库

[root@tmp]# /etc/init.d/oracle-free-23ai configureSpecify a password to be used for database accounts. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. Note that the same password will be used for SYS, SYSTEM and PDBADMIN accounts:Confirm the password: --输入sys/system的密码Configuring Oracle Listener.Listener configuration succeeded.Configuring Oracle Database FREE.Enter SYS user password:***********Enter SYSTEM user password:*************Enter PDBADMIN User Password:***********Prepare for db operation7% completeCopying database files29% completeCreating and starting Oracle instance30% complete33% complete36% complete39% complete43% completeCompleting Database Creation47% complete49% complete50% completeCreating Pluggable Databases54% complete71% completeExecuting Post Configuration Actions93% completeRunning Custom Scripts100% completeDatabase creation complete. For details check the logfiles at: /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/FREE.Database Information:Global Database Name:FREESystem Identifier(SID):FREELook at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/FREE/FREE.log" for further details.
Connect to Oracle Database using one of the connect strings: Pluggable database: ORACLE01T/FREEPDB1     Multitenant container database: ORACLE01T[root@ORACLE01T tmp]#

2.5 环境变量配置

   数据库配置后su 到oracle 用户下 发现无法登陆进数据库，ps -ef|grep smon  看到实例已经在运行，提示没有配置环境变量

[root@ORACLE01T tmp]# su - oracle[oracle@ORACLE01T ~]$ cd /opt/oracle/product/23ai/dbhomeFree/bin/[oracle@ORACLE01T bin]$[oracle@ORACLE01T bin]$ ./sqlplus / as sysdbaError 6 initializing SQL*PlusSP2-0667: Message file sp1.msb not foundSP2-0750: You may need to set ORACLE_HOME to your Oracle software directory[oracle@SZSPLORACLE01T ~]$ ps -ef|grep smonoracle 42755 1 0 10:49 ? 00:00:00 db_smon_FREEoracle 43387 43294 0 10:56 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto smon-----------------------------------------------

配置环境变量

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profileexport PATHexport TMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=$TMPexport ORACLE_SID=FREEexport ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/23ai/dbhomeFreeexport TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/adminexport PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATHexport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH# User specific environment and startup programs


配置好环境变量后，sqlplus登入提示idle instance，但是确认oracle_sid配置无误

PS:Oracle23ai新特性-报错信息更详细，提供报错信息的官网链接，但是个人认为作用不大，官网只是提供了报错的官方定义，对于解决问题并没有太大的作用

Solution：我这里的处理方法比较粗暴,直接kill掉smon 相当于强制关库，然后重新启动即可

这样Oracle 23ai rpm报的安装方式就完成了，相较于之前的版本安装确实简洁了非常非常多，关注博主，后续更新更多23ai新特性

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