在Ubuntu上查看CPU型号和频率的方法有很多。以下是几种常用的方法：
1. 使用 lscpu 命令
lscpu 命令会显示有关CPU的信息，包括型号和频率。
lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 4
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 2
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 142
Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8650U CPU @ 1.90GHz
Stepping: 10
CPU MHz: 2112.004
CPU max MHz: 4200.0000
CPU min MHz: 400.0000
2. 查看 /proc/cpuinfo 文件
/proc/cpuinfo 文件包含有关CPU的详细信息。
cat /proc/cpuinfo
输出示例：
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 142
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8650U CPU @ 1.90GHz
stepping : 10
microcode : 0xde
cpu MHz : 2112.004
cache size : 8192 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 4
core id : 0
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 22
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt intel_pt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves dtherm ida arat pln pts hwp hwp_notify hwp_act_window hwp_epp md_clear flush_l1d
bugs : spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs
bogomips : 4224.00
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
3. 使用 dmidecode 命令dmidecode 命令可以获取更多关于硬件的信息，包括CPU的型号和频率。
sudo dmidecode -t processor
输出示例：
# dmidecode 3.2
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.8 present.
Handle 0x0040, DMI type 4, 42 bytes
Processor Information
Socket
Designation: U3E1
Type: Central Processor
Family: Core i7
Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corporation
ID: EA 06 08 00 FF FB EB BF
Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 142, Stepping 10
Flags:
FPU
(Floating-point unit on-chip)
VME (Virtual mode extension)
DE (Debugging extension)
PSE (Page size extension)
TSC
(Time stamp counter)
MSR (Model specific registers)
PAE
(Physical address extension)
MCE (Machine check exception)
CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported)
APIC (On-chip APIC hardware
supported)
SEP (Fast system call)
MTRR (Memory type range
registers)
PGE (Page global enable)
MCA (Machine check
architecture)
CMOV (Conditional move instruction
supported)
PAT (Page attribute table)
PSE-36 (36-bit page
size extension)
CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported)
DS
(Debug store)
ACPI (ACPI supported)
MMX (MMX technology
supported)
FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported)
SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions)
SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions
2)
SS (Self-snoop)
HTT (Multi-threading)
TM
(Thermal monitor supported)
PBE (Pending break enabled)
Version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8650U CPU @ 1.90GHz
Voltage: 0.7 V
External Clock: 100 MHz
Max Speed: 4200 MHz
Current Speed: 2112
MHz
Status: Populated, Enabled
Upgrade: Other
L1 Cache
Handle: 0x0041
L2 Cache Handle: 0x0042
L3 Cache Handle:
0x0043
Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Asset Tag: To Be
Filled By O.E.M.
Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Core Count:
4
Thread Count: 8
Characteristics:
64-bit
capable
这些方法可以帮助你详细了解Ubuntu系统上CPU的型号和频率，从而进行性能监控和优化。
