Oracle 11g RAC集群日常运维命令总结

一、高频集群管理命令

在日常运维工作中，我们可以利用srvctl和crsctl命令进行RAC集群的管理。

SRVCTL（Server Control）是一个命令行工具，用于管理Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR)上的资源，包括节点应用（nodeapps）、Oracle Notification Service (ONS)、Global Services Daemon (GSD)等。它还可以管理数据库、实例、监听器、服务和应用程序。通过SRVCTL，可以启动或停止nodeapps、数据库、实例、监听器和服务，添加、删除或移除实例和服务，以及管理配置信息。

CRSCTL（Cluster Ready Services Control）是一个命令行工具，用于管理Oracle Clusterware守护进程，包括Cluster Synchronization Services (CSS)、Cluster-Ready Services (CRS)和Event Manager (EVM)。通过CRSCTL，可以启动或停止Oracle Cluster，并查看其当前状态。

RAC集群几个主要进程：

1. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep lmd

2. grid 4458 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_lmd0_+ASM1

3. oracle 4909 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:01 ora_lmd0_orcl1

4. oracle 5609 5554 0 22:48 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto lmd

5. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep lck

6. grid 4485 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_lck0_+ASM1

7. oracle 4956 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_lck0_orcl1

8. oracle 5686 5554 0 22:49 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto lck

9. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep lmon

10. grid 4456 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_lmon_+ASM1

11. oracle 4907 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_lmon_orcl1

12. oracle 5713 5554 0 22:49 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto lmon

13. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep lms

14. grid 4460 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:01 asm_lms0_+ASM1

15. oracle 4911 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:01 ora_lms0_orcl1

16. oracle 4915 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:01 ora_lms1_orcl1

17. oracle 5751 5554 0 22:50 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto lms

18. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep diag

19. grid 4450 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_diag_+ASM1

20. oracle 4897 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl1

21. oracle 5791 5554 0 22:50 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto diag

22. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep rbal

23. grid 4476 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_rbal_+ASM1

24. oracle 4935 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_rbal_orcl1

25. oracle 5828 5554 0 22:51 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto rbal

26. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep asmb

27. grid 4520 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_asmb_+ASM1

28. grid 4522 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 oracle+ASM1_asmb_+asm1 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

29. oracle 4937 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_asmb_orcl1

30. grid 4941 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 oracle+ASM1_asmb_orcl1 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

31. oracle 5852 5554 0 22:51 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto asmb

32. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep ping

33. root 2928 2503 0 22:42 ? 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/gsd-housekeeping

34. grid 4452 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_ping_+ASM1

35. oracle 4901 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_ping_orcl1

36. oracle 5888 5554 0 22:52 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto ping

37. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep lmhb

38. grid 4464 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_lmhb_+ASM1

39. oracle 4921 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_lmhb_orcl1

40. oracle 5917 5554 0 22:52 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto lmhb

41. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep rms

42. oracle 4919 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_rms0_orcl1

43. oracle 5937 5554 0 22:52 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto rms

44. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep rsm

45. oracle 4958 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_rsmn_orcl1

46. oracle 5970 5554 0 22:53 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto rsm

47. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep gtx

48. oracle 5001 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_gtx0_orcl1

49. oracle 6000 5554 0 22:53 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto gtx

50. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep rcbg

51. oracle 5003 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_rcbg_orcl1

52. oracle 6033 5554 0 22:54 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto rcbg

53. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep acms

54. oracle 4903 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_acms_orcl1

55. oracle 6063 5554 0 22:54 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto acms

56. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep css

57. root 2380 1 0 16:33 ? 00:00:03 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/cssdmonitor

58. root 2392 1 0 16:33 ? 00:00:04 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/cssdagent

59. grid 2415 1 0 16:33 ? 00:00:24 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocssd.bin

60. oracle 13263 13218 0 18:20 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto css

61. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep crs

62. root 2722 1 1 16:34 ? 00:01:08 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsd.bin reboot

63. oracle 13278 13218 0 18:20 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto crs

64. [oracle@rac1:/home/oracle]$ ps -ef|grep evm

65. grid 2608 1 0 16:34 ? 00:00:31 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/evmd.bin

66. grid 2842 2608 0 16:34 ? 00:00:00 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/evmlogger.bin -o /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/evm/log/evmlogger.info -l /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/evm/log/evmlogger.log

67. oracle 13291 13218 0 18:20 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto evm

68. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ ps -ef|grep asm

69. grid 4409 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_pmon_+ASM1

70. grid 4411 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_psp0_+ASM1

71. grid 4444 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:01 asm_vktm_+ASM1

72. grid 4448 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_gen0_+ASM1

73. grid 4450 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:02 asm_diag_+ASM1

74. grid 4452 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_ping_+ASM1

75. grid 4454 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:05 asm_dia0_+ASM1

76. grid 4456 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:04 asm_lmon_+ASM1

77. grid 4458 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:04 asm_lmd0_+ASM1

78. grid 4460 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:07 asm_lms0_+ASM1

79. grid 4464 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_lmhb_+ASM1

80. grid 4466 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_mman_+ASM1

81. grid 4468 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_dbw0_+ASM1

82. grid 4470 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_lgwr_+ASM1

83. grid 4472 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_ckpt_+ASM1

84. grid 4474 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_smon_+ASM1

85. grid 4476 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_rbal_+ASM1

86. grid 4478 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_gmon_+ASM1

87. grid 4480 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_mmon_+ASM1

88. grid 4482 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_mmnl_+ASM1

89. grid 4485 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_lck0_+ASM1

90. grid 4520 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 asm_asmb_+ASM1

91. grid 4522 1 0 22:43 ? 00:00:00 oracle+ASM1_asmb_+asm1 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

92. oracle 4937 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_asmb_orcl1

93. grid 4941 1 0 22:44 ? 00:00:00 oracle+ASM1_asmb_orcl1 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

94. grid 9289 6360 0 23:33 pts/3 00:00:00 grep --color=auto asm

（一）RAC集群配置查看

1、查看 scan ip 地址配置

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl config scan

2. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status scan

2、查看 SCAN 监听情况

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status scan_listener

3、查询节点应用程序状态

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status nodeapps

4、查看节点应用程序配置(VIP、GSD、ONS、监听器)

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl config nodeapps

5、查看TNS监听

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status listener

查看监听配置

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl config listener -a

6、查看vip网络

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status vip -n rac1

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl config vip -n rac1

2. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl config vip -n rac2

7、查看集群私网信息

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ oifcfg getif

8、查看ASM

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status asm

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl config asm -a

9、验证所有集群节点间的时钟同步

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ cluvfy comp clocksync -verbose

（二）集群服务启停命令

1、查询当前集群软件版本和主机名

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl query crs softwareversion rac1

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl query crs activeversion

2、查看集群的名称

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ cemutlo -n

3、检查Cluster Ready Services（CRS）的状态

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl check crs

4、检查Cluster Synchronization Services Daemon（CSSD）的状态

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl check cssd

5、检查Cluster Ready Services Daemon（CRSD）的状态

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl check crsd

6、检查Event Manager Daemon（EVM）的状态

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl check evmd

7、查看voting disk位置

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl query css votedisk

8、查看集群的进程状态

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl check cluster

查看集群组件状态

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crs_stat -t -v

9、一键启停所有节点上的css及资源

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl stop cluster -all

2. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl start cluster -all

10、检查并显示OCR（Oracle Cluster Registry）的位置

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ ocrcheck

11、查看数据库的状态

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl status database -d orcl

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl config database -d orcl -a

12、启动数据库

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ srvctl start database -d orcl

13、详细输出资源全名称并检查状态

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ crsctl status resource -t

14、查看ocr备份信息

1. [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$ ocrconfig -showbackup

（三）ASM磁盘组相关维护命令

1、查看磁盘状态

1. SQL> set lines 200 pages 200

2. SQL> select group_number,name,type,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

1. SQL> col name for a20

2. SQL> col path for a50

3. SQL> select NAME,PATH,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_disk;

1. SQL> select name,state from v$asm_diskgroup;

2、asm 磁盘组删除

1. sql>drop diskgroup DATA;

3、asm磁盘组添加磁盘

1. sql> alter diskgroup data add disk '/dev/mapper/asm_data';

4、使用asmcmd增加删除磁盘、磁盘组、控制磁盘Rebalance
（1）增加磁盘：

1. 使用asmcmd命令登录到ASM实例：asmcmd

2. 使用lsdg命令列出所有磁盘组：lsdg

3. 使用ls命令列出所有磁盘组中的磁盘：ls

4. 使用cd命令切换到目标磁盘组：cd

5. 使用mkdisk命令创建新磁盘：mkdisk

6. 使用ls命令确认新磁盘已添加到磁盘组：ls

（2）删除磁盘：

1. 使用asmcmd命令登录到ASM实例：asmcmd

2. 使用lsdg命令列出所有磁盘组：lsdg

3. 使用ls命令列出所有磁盘组中的磁盘：ls

4. 使用cd命令切换到目标磁盘组：cd

5. 使用rm命令删除指定磁盘：rm

6. 使用ls命令确认磁盘已从磁盘组中删除：ls

（3）增加磁盘组：

1. 使用asmcmd命令登录到ASM实例：asmcmd

2. 使用lsdg命令列出所有磁盘组：lsdg

3. 使用mkdg命令创建新磁盘组：mkdg

4. 使用lsdg命令确认新磁盘组已创建成功：lsdg

（四）常用的几个SQL命令

1、查看数据库基础信息

1. SQL> set lines 200 pages 200

2. SQL> select name,log_mode,open_mode,platform_name,db_unique_name from v$database;

2、查看数据库版本

1. SQL> SELECT * FROM v$version;

3、查看数据库字符集

1. SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters where parameter like '%CHARACTERSET%';

4、查看实例的运行状态

1. SQL> SELECT instance_name, status FROM v$instance;

5、查看归档的状态

1. SQL> archive log list;

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