项目需要就在现有的服务器上面重新安装了个mysql服务器，还挺费劲儿呢，因为之前都是在我的笔记本上面试验的，它的系统是Ubuntu的，什么路径啊，启动方式啊。都不一样所以这次还
项目需要就在现有的服务器上面重新安装了个mysql服务器，还挺费劲儿呢，因为之前都是在我的笔记本上面试验的，它的系统是Ubuntu的，什么路径啊，启动方式啊。都不一样所以这次还是让我纠结了一把：下面把我安装过程中遇到的问题给传上来，首先rpm格式安装就不多说了，主要是mysql的配置文件在：/etc/my.cnf这里，需要修改：复制代码 代码如下:[mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x# clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).old_passwords=1 ← 找到这一行，在这一行的下面添加新的规则，让MySQL的默认编码为UTF-8default-character-set = utf8 ← 添加这一行然后在配置文件的文尾填加如下语句：[mysql]default-character-set = utf8然后我就直接启动mysql了，还以为是Ubuntu的那样呢，安装后自动启动，可是centos不一样，服务没有启动所以就抱错了。 复制代码 代码如下:[root@fsailing1 init.d]# mysql -u rootERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)这个错误之前遇到过，就是因为错误或者其他的什么原因，mysql服务器没有启动造成的。接着启动mysql服务：复制代码 代码如下:root@fsailing1 init.d]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start启动 MySQL： [确定][root@fsailing1 init.d]# ps -ef |grep mysqlroot 1949 1 0 22:21 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --user=mysqlmysql 2002 1949 1 22:21 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --skip-external-locking --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockroot 2020 1101 0 22:21 pts/1 00:00:00 grep mysql启动方式有很多种：service方式service mysqld start 和安全方式：/usr/bin/mysqld_safe &通过启动服务的后缀我们可以清楚的看到，数据库放在那里，错误日志在哪里，完事之后，要看看字符集的问题（这个问题至今我还没有搞清楚呢）。是否匹配：复制代码 代码如下:mysql> show variables like 'character%';+--------------------------+----------------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+--------------------------+----------------------------+| character_set_client | latin1 || character_set_connection | latin1 || character_set_database | utf8 || character_set_filesystem | binary || character_set_results | latin1 || character_set_server | utf8 || character_set_system | utf8 || character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |+--------------------------+----------------------------+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)这种情况是不行的，我们只是改变了服务器的字符集，没有改变客户端的字符集。修改my.cnf文件后，重启mysql服务器后得知：复制代码 代码如下:mysql> show variables like 'character%';+--------------------------+----------------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+--------------------------+----------------------------+| character_set_client | utf8 || character_set_connection | utf8 || character_set_database | utf8 || character_set_filesystem | binary || character_set_results | utf8 || character_set_server | utf8 || character_set_system | utf8 || character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |+--------------------------+----------------------------+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)这样就算是完成了，字符集的配置了。然后呢就是密码和授权问题了。查看用户密码：复制代码 代码如下:mysql> select host, user ,password from user;+-----------+------+----------+| host | user | password |+-----------+------+----------+| localhost | root | || fsailing1 | root | || 127.0.0.1 | root | || localhost | | || fsailing1 | | |+-----------+------+----------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)这里用户和密码有的是空的，怪不得不需要任何验证都能够登录到服务器上去，这是很不安全的。所以要删除这些不安全的用户复制代码 代码如下:mysql> delete from user where user='';Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> select host, user ,password from user;+-----------+------+----------+| host | user | password |+-----------+------+----------+| localhost | root | || fsailing1 | root | || 127.0.0.1 | root | |+-----------+------+----------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)然后是设置现有的用户密码：这里可以update，set都行。复制代码 代码如下:mysql> update user set password='123' where host='localhost';Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0mysql> select host, user ,password from user;+-----------+------+----------+| host | user | password |+-----------+------+----------+| localhost | root | 123 || fsailing1 | root | || 127.0.0.1 | root | |+-----------+------+----------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)这里我一看傻眼了，没有经过md5码加密呢，算了这里还只能用set进行设置密码呢。复制代码 代码如下:mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('123');Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> select host, user ,password from user;+-----------+------+------------------+| host | user | password |+-----------+------+------------------+| localhost | root | 773359240eb9a1d9 || fsailing1 | root | || 127.0.0.1 | root | |+-----------+------+------------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)到这里该做的基本上就算是完事了。
